Tag nrho cov neeg sawv cev ntawm daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj-macrolides - cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Lawv cov qauv tshuaj yog ua raws li lub nplhaib ntawm lub pob zeb lactone macrocyclic. Li no - lub npe ntawm cov pab pawg neeg. Lawv siv los tswj ntau hom kab mob. Thiab ua tsaug rau qhov tseeb tias cov nyiaj no zoo heev, cov tshuaj siv lawv heev.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv zoo li cas yog cov tshuaj ntawm cov koom hauv macrolide?
Ib qho zoo ntawm cov macrolides yog tias lawv tau tawm tsam teeb meem Gram-positive cocci. Tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm pawg no tuaj yeem yooj yim tiv nrog pneumococci, pyogenic streptococci, atypical mycobacteria. Ntawm lwm yam, lawv ua kom puas ntsoog:
- legionella;
- spirochaetes;
- chlamydia;
- anaerobes (yuav luag txhua yam tshwj tsis yog B. fragilis);
- Sau;
- mycoplasma;
- ureaplasmas;
- Campylobacter thiab qee qhov lwm yam kab mob phem.
Raws li daim ntawv teev npe no, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv macrolide tau ua. Muab tshuaj rau:
- cov kab mob nyhav thaij hlav ntsws;
- mob ntsev ;
- pertussis;
- exacerbations ntawm mob ntsws ntev;
- Lub zej lub zos-nrhiav tau tus kab mob ntsws (nrog rau atypical);
- diphtheria;
- periostitis;
- syphilis;
- chlamydia;
- mycobacteriosis;
- toxoplasmosis;
- extramural lymphogranulomas;
- mob pob txuv;
- periodontitis.
Qee zaum, macrolides tsuas yog siv rau kev kho mob xwb, tab sis kuj rau kev tiv thaiv. Yog li, piv txwv li, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua kab mob yuav pab tiv thaiv kabmob hnoos hawbpob rau cov neeg uas tau kis tau tus neeg mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov pab pawg no kuj tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas muaj tus mob meningococcus. Thiab lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau kom zoo tiv thaiv rheumatism lossis endocarditis.
Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj-tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj macrolides
Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus carbon atoms nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib lactone, cov tshuaj yog muab faib ua tej pawg 14-, 15- lossis 16-tus ua haujlwm. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua cov kab mob no, lawv kuj pab kom ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tshem tawm tsis tau zoo zuj zus ntxiv txog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob loj-macrolides muaj xws li tshuaj:
- Erythromycin yuav tsum tau noj ua ntej noj mov. Txwv tsis pub, nws cov bioavailability yuav raug txo kom tsawg. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj zog heev, nrog rau kev mob nyhav rau nws haus tau pub rau thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
- Spiramycin tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob cov kab mob uas tau hloov mus rau 14- thiab 15-tus ua haujlwm hauv lub cev. Cov concentration hauv cov ntaub so ntswg yog siab heev.
- Cov tshuaj macrolide, hu ua Clarithromycin , sib ntaus Helicobacter thiab atypical mycobacteria.
- Txoj kev kho mob Roxithromycin yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg mob.
- Azithromycin muaj zog heev uas nws yuav tsum tau noj ib hnub ib zaug.
- Lub npe ntawm Josamycin yog piav qhia los ntawm nws cov kev ua si tawm tsam feem ntau ntawm cov resistant ntau yam ntawm strepto- thiab staphylococci.
Txhua yam ua tiav los ntawm daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muab siv rau cov pob txha. Ntxiv rau cov no, los tiv thaiv cov kab mob siv tau:
- Dynabac;
- Ilozon;
- Azidrop;
- Azivok;
- Zimbactur;
- Wilprafen;
- Binocular;
- Benzamycin;
- Azicid;
- Klabaks;
- Azitral;
- Esparoxy;
- Brilid;
- Rovamycin;
- Crixan;
- Macropean;
- Clacid;
- Rulicin;
- Sumamed ;
- Hemomycin;
- Zitnob;
- Kispar;
- Sumatrolide solute;
- Clerimedes;
- Elrox;
- Coater;
- Zitrocin;
- Eryfluid;
- Ecositrin;
- Fromromide;
- Arvitsin;
- AsitRus;
- Azimycin.