Ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob endocrine, uas insulin hormone insufficiency tau pom, hu ua ntshav qab zib mellitus. Kev tuag ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no yog kwv yees li ntawm plaub lab neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Suffers los ntawm tsis muaj insulin txog li 6% ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm peb ntiaj chaw.
Hom mob ntshav qab zib mellitus
Tus kab mob no raws li kev cais ntawm lub koom haum World Health Organization ntawm ob hom. Rho tawm hom ntshav qab zib: insulin-dependent (1 hom) thiab insulin-ywj siab (2 hom). Cov ob hom no txawv hauv cov mechanisms ntawm qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob, qhov ua rau thiab cov cai ntawm kev kho mob. Hauv ob qho tib si, thawj qhov kws tau sau los ntawm kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yog noj zaub mov nruj.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Thawj hom (insulin-dependent diabetes) yog cov teeb meem nrog cov txiav, uas qhov concentration ntawm insulin nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tsawg zuj zus vim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev hlwb. Feem ntau hom no tau pom thaum muaj hnub nyoob laus thiab muaj kev sib tov nrog ntshav siab. Raws li kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kis tau tus kab mob no, yog tias ib tus niam txiv muaj hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib, nws loj tuaj.
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Qhov thib ob hom (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) yog qhia tau los ntawm ntau ntxiv los yog ib txwm ua ntawm cov tshuaj insulin, tab sis qhov no qhov teeb meem yog tias lub hlwb tsis pom nws, thiab vim li no, nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no tsis yog qhov kev xav ntawm cov kua dej "insulin" yog hu ua "insulin resistance."
Muaj lwm lub npe rau hom kab mob no - "lean diabetes", tab sis qhov no tsuas yog thaum muaj cov tshuaj hormone lawm uas tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog cov hlwb, vim lawv cov neeg txais kev pom tsis tuaj yeem "pom" nws. Qhov txhaum ntawm qhov no tsis yog kev xaav yog qhov teeb meem ntawm insulin.
Ua rau ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus
Txhua leej txhua tus paub txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib raug zoo-kev sib raug zoo thiab tus kabmob no tsis yog kev zam. Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib qho tsim nyog, thiab txhua yam kev tsim nyog muaj ib los yog ntau yam ua rau. Txhua hom ntawm cov hom ntshav qab zib muaj nws tus kheej vim li cas, uas yuav tsum tau xav txog ntau yam. Cov neeg muaj mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum paub txog qhov ua rau thiab qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm qhov pib mob.
Ua rau hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus
Yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj cov kab mob ntshav qab zib hom ntshav qab zib ntau heev thiab hom tshuaj no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, vim nws tsis tas mus kuaj nws thaum pib thawj zaug, vim hais tias tus kab mob symptomatology txawm tias thaum 80% ntawm cov hlwb tawg lawm. Nrog xws li ib feem pua ntawm kev puas tsuaj, meej lawm tsis muaj zog lawm nyob hauv cov neeg mob.
Qab zib insulin-dependent ntshav qab zib muaj peev xwm ua tau xws li:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog insulitis, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub islets ntawm pancreas.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm β-hlwb, uas muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm kho oob khab los yog ua rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm lwm yam. Feem ntau yog cov kab mob kis tus kab mob: mob qog, mob qa, mob Coxsackie, cytomegalovirus, measles, rubella.
- Cov kev sib tshuam hauv kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob mus ntev thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob.
Ua rau Type 2 Diabetes
Yog vim li cas cov ntshav qab zib mellitus ntawm ob hom kev tshwm sim kuj muaj ntau, thiab kom muaj ntau leej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm yam.
- Heredity. Yog tias ib tus niam txiv muaj SD II, ces tej zaum tus me nyuam yuav mob, tuaj txog plaub feem pua.
- Haiv Neeg. Nws paub tias Asians, African Asmeskas, Latinos thiab Cov Neeg Khab Asmeskas muaj kev pheej hmoo vim lawv raug mob rau tus kab mob no.
- Tshaj dhau lub cev hnyav. Kev noj cov zaub mov txawv (khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib, qhob noom xim kasfes, lwm yam zoo li), cov khoom noj hmo ntuj, cov zaub tsis txaus (zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo) hauv cov zaub mov ua rau kom muaj mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib.
- Kub siab. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj mob yuav ua rau cov neeg uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua.
- Hypodynamy. Tsis muaj kev tsav tsheb feem ntau ua rau hnyav dua thiab hnyav dua cov metabolism, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus - cov tsos mob
Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus tuaj yeem tau zoo sib xws hauv thawj lub thiab qhov thib ob. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv latent thiab tsuas yog tom qab ib tug neeg them nyiaj rau cov thawj cov ntshav qab zib: nquag tso zis, mob nyhav, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, tsis muaj kev sib deev, thiab lwm yam. Ntau tus neeg tsis paub tias cov xeev yuav qhia tau tias ib tug neeg muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus. Nws yog tsim nyog xav txog cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib nyob ntawm seb hom.
Type I symptomatology:
- yuag poob nrog qhov zoo qab los noj mov;
- nkees nkees thiab mob nkeeg;
- nqhis dej;
- nquag thiab profuse tso zis.
Symptomatic type II muaj xws li cov yam ntxwv hais los saum toj saud thiab ntxiv nrog:
- tsis muaj zog thiab txob taus;
- kev kub siab;
- loog loog ntawm qhov txawv los yog tingling nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov ntivtes;
- xeev siab, feem ntau nrog kev ntuav;
- qhuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, khaus, pluag kho ntawm qhov txhab;
- mob txeeb zig.
Teeb meem ntawm diabetes mellitus
Cov tshuaj tsis muaj insulin-dependent hom kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab hom tshuaj insulin-dependent muaj teeb meem uas tau muab faib ua:
- ntse;
- mob ntev;
- tom qab ntawd.
Cov teeb meem feem ntau yog lig:
- hypoglycemia;
- ketoacidosis;
- lactocidotic coma;
- hyperosmolar coma.
Cov txiaj ntsim siab muaj xws li:
- angiopathy ;
- retinopathy ;
- polyneuropathy ;
- ntshav qab zib .
Kev mob ntev ntawm cov ntshav qab zib:
- Lub raum. Lub cev no nrog lub sij hawm poob peev xwm tswj hwm nrog nws cov haujlwm.
- Vessels. Vim lub deterioration ntawm permeability, lawv ua narrower, uas ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub plawv mob thiab mob stroke.
- Tawv. Vim yog kev ua kom muaj ntshav ntxiv, muaj feem yuav mob ntawm cov mob trophic ulcers.
- Tshaj Tsis muaj zog thiab loog loog ntawm qhov nqua, qhov mob ntawm qhov mob.
Yuav kho tau ntshav qab zib li cas?
Kev kho tau zoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus nyob rau ntau qhov hauv qab yog nyob ntawm seb qhov kev sau cov kws kho mob ua tau zoo li cas. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no nyob ntawm seb hom ntshav qab zib. Hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, txoj kev siv tshuaj tsis yog ib txwm siv, tab sis tsuas yog nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus kws kho mob ua tus pabcuam.
Kuv kho tau ntshav qab zib li cas?
Raws li yog kuv tsis xav qhia lwm yam, tab sis ntshav qab zib mellitus ntawm txhua hom yog ib tug kab mob rau lub neej. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm lub neej thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob, tab sis tshem tau cov kabmob ntshav qab zib yuav tsis tshwm sim, yog li ntawd lawv tsis cog lus rau tshaj tawm cov lus tshiab, uas feem ntau pecked los ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li tag nrho cov kws kho mob sau tseg thiab tsis koom nrog kho tus kheej, tom qab ntawd qee qhov tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav qab zib.
Tshuaj rau hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib
Xav txog nqe lus nug seb yuav kho hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib, nws yuav tsum paub txog cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob sau. Nrog rau cov tshuaj insulin, feem ntau yog cov kev kho mob uas pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob lossis txo qhov nws tsis zoo tshwm sim:
- ACE. Thaum nce siab los yog cov ntsiab lus muaj protein nyob rau hauv cov zis yog siab zog.
- Aspirin. Nrog lub plawv muaj teeb meem thiab lub plawv nres.
- Statins. Yuav kom txo cov cholesterol, txhaws cov hlab ntsha.
- Tshuaj uas pab nrog teeb meem nrog erection. Ntau zaus nws yog Viagra thiab Levitra, tab sis koj tuaj yeem coj lawv tsuas yog tom qab sib tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
- Hais txog teeb meem nrog kev zom mov. Nws yog Tserukal los yog Erythromycin yog tias gastroparesis tau tsim.
Tshuaj rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib
Yog tias peb tham txog seb yuav ua li cas kho hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, ces cov tshuaj tau sau tseg hauv lwm yam. Ntawm lawv yog cov neeg sawv cev uas cuam tshuam rau cov kev mob ntawm cov hlwb hauv insulin:
- Pioglar;
- Metformin ;
- Diaglitazone.
Ntawm cov yeeb yam tshiab xws li cov kev kho mob hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib:
- Januvia;
- Lus Askiv;
- Glukobay;
- Victoria;
- Baeta.
Npaj uas tsim kho lub plhuav ntawm insulin:
- Novonorm;
- Starlix;
- Gljurenorm;
- Diabeton;
- Maninil.
Yuav kho tau tus kab mob ntshav qab zib nrog kev kho neeg li cas?
Cov neeg uas xav kom khaus tau cov kev mob tshwm sim nrog cov kabmob ntshav qab zib, cov lus nug ntawm kev siv ntshav qab zib tom tsev yog qhov mob tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, txoj kev kho muaj xws li cov zaub mov thiab tshuaj noj, tiam sis nws tsis yeem, tsis muaj kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tsis pom zoo.
Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm chemist lub cortex Amur los ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tau tsim nws tus kheej raws li ib qho kev kho mob zoo heev vim nws txoj kev peev xwm los ua kom tau cov kab mob carbohydrate. Txais cov tshuaj stimulates tsis tsuas yog cov kabmob ntawm insulin, tab sis kuj lub enzymes ntawm cov txiav: lipase, protease thiab amylase. Noj Txoj Kev Tso Kab Mob raws li cov lus qhia.
- Rau cov neeg laus: 1 teaspoon peb zaug ib hnub twg.
- Rau cov me nyuam: 1 tsp 1-2 zaug ib hnub twg.
- Lub chav kawm ntawm daim ntawv thov tsis pub tsawg tshaj peb lub hlis.
Daim ntawv qhia kom txo cov ntshav qab zib ntawm tus txiv neeb Kim
Cov khoom xyaw:
- 300 g ntawm qej;
- 300 g ntawm nplooj los yog keeb kwm ntawm parsley (keeb kwm zoo dua);
- 100 g ntawm txiv qaub tev.
Npaj thiab siv
- Tev lub qej thiab ntxuav hauv paus ntawm parsley (los yog nplooj).
- Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw yog av mus rau ib tug nqaij grinder.
- Hloov cov khoom sib xyaw rau hauv lub hwj thiab cia nws zaum hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau ob lub lis piam.
- Lub txais tos yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv ib lub teaspoon ua ntej noj mov.
- Tus neeg sau ntawm daim ntawv qhia tawm tswv yim haus ib tug sib tov ntawm decoction ntawm tshuaj ntsuab: field horsetail, nplooj cranberries, pob kws stigmas, taum pods. Brew lub broth cias: 1 tablespoon ntawm tshuaj ntsuab sau rau ib khob dej.
Kev noj haus rau mob ntshav qab zib mellitus
Nrog rau txhua hom kab mob, kev noj haus nrog ntshav qab zib yog thawj qhov khoom kom pom. Yog tias koj xav tias qhov ua rau tus kab mob no feem ntau yog tsis muaj cov khoom noj tsis muaj tseeb: kev siv ntau cov khoom noj uas muaj cov vev xaib glimcemic, khoom qab zib, cov khoom ci, thiab lwm yam, ces cov khoom noj yog ua los ntawm kev rov qab.
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus - koj tuaj yeem ua li cas uas koj ua tsis tau?
Yuav pib nrog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim rau cov khoom ntawm cov khoom poob hauv nruj nruj txwv, cov uas yuav tsum tau nyob hauv daim ntawv qhia txhua hnub. Kev noj haus rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 thiab hom 1 yuav tsum tsim kom tau noj rau hauv cov account seb nws puas muaj peev xwm rau cov khoom qab zib mellitus khoom, thiab tsis yog tus kheej nyiam. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kom pom zoo li lub hwj chim system, txwv tsis pub yuav tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv nws.
Txwv tsis pub kom muaj kev noj zaub mov nrog:
- Qab zib nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv thiab khoom qab zib. Nyob rau hauv qhov txiav npluav yuav tau ice cream, jam, chocolate, chocolates thiab halva.
- Ci , raws li txoj cai, muaj ntau ntawm cov txwv qab zib thiab yog ib tug high-calorie.
- Nyob kas poom khoom noj thiab haus cov khoom noj. Nqaij thiab ntses cov kaus poom zaub mov nrog cov roj zaub cov roj, cov khoom qab ntsev thiab cov khoom noj uas tsis raug txwv yog raug txwv. Txawm tsis muaj GI tsawg, uas cov khoom no muaj, lawv muaj calories ntau dhau.
- Rog rog thiab ntses. Rog ntau yam yuav tsum tsis txhob noj. Thaum koj noj cov noog, koj yuav tsum tshem tawv tawv.
- Cov khoom noj khoom haus. Nws yog hais txog cov khoom uas muaj mis nyuj, vim hais tias lawv muaj cov roj muaj roj, xws li SD.
- Cov kua ntses. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws kev txhawj xeeb mayonnaise thiab lwm yam kev hloov rog.
- Manka. Manna cereals yog tshem tawm tag nrho, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv zom zaws tsuas yog siv tau thiab ntau cov khoom tsim los ntawm whole grains.
- Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj cov ntsiab lus qab zib. Qhov no muaj feem xyuam rau cov txiv hmab, cov dib thiab cov tsawb.
- Zaub. Tsis kam siv cov zaub nyoos thiab ua pob hau.
- Cov dej qab zib. Vim hais tias ntawm high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm qab zib nyob rau hauv lawv.
- Daim tawv thiab khoom noj txom ncauj. Cov khoom no ua raws li txoj cai muaj roj rog thiab muaj ntau ntsev.
- Cawv yuav tsum tsis txhob pub, tab sis los ntawm qab zib wines thiab champagne yuav tsum muab pov tseg kiag li.
Cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv kev noj haus nrog ntshav qab zib:
- Cov qhob cij thiab mov ci. Nws zoo dua yog tias nws yog ib qho kev ci tshwj xeeb rau cov paj ntoos.
- Nqaij. Xav tau cov roj ntau hom: luav, nqaij nyug, nqaij nyuj, nqaij qaib.
- Ntses. Nws yog hais txog qis roj ntau hom (carp, cod, pike perch, pike), dhau li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau siav rau ob peb, ci los yog boil.
- Qe. Tsis pub ntau tshaj ib hnub tauj ib zaug.
- Cov khoom noj uas muaj roj tsawg.
- Thawj cov tais diav. Kua zaub thiab broths, siav on zaub los yog nqaij tsawg thiab nqaij ntses.
- Zaub. Nws yog pub rau noj tag nrho cov zaub, tab sis tsis kib.
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv apples, raspberries, grapefruit thiab kiwi nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib, vim hais tias lawv tsis tsuas yog tsis nce qib ntawm qab zib, tab sis kuj txo cov cholesterol.
- Zaub roj. Tsis pub ntau tshaj ob lub looj muaj txhua hnub.
- Dej qab zib. Zoo tagnrho: teas tsis muaj suab thaj thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab.
Ntawv qhia zaub mov nrog ntshav qab zib mellitus
Ua cov ntawv qhia zaub mov zoo rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 thiab hom 1, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los xav txog tias nws tau pom zoo kom noj cov pluas noj me me hauv cov khoom faib. Ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ntej rau cov zaub mov uas muaj ntshav qab zib yog haus dej kom tsawg (tseem mus txog ob liters). Kev kwv yees txhua lub sij hawm qhia tau zoo li no:
Noj tshais:
- porridge - 200 g;
- tag nrho hom qoob loo - 25 g;
- ib daim ntawm tsawg-rog cheese - 30-40 g;
- tshuaj yej tsis muaj suab thaj.
Ob tshais noj haus:
- txiv apples - li 150 g;
- cov tshuaj yej tsis muaj suab thaj nrog biscuit biscuit.
Noj su:
- borsch lossis kua zaub - 250 g;
- mov ci - 25 g;
- zaub zaub xam lav - 100 g;
- Cutlets (nqaij los yog ntses) rau ob peb - 100 g.
Khoom txom ncauj:
- ib qho hnyuv hla dej;
- tsawg-rog tsev cheese - 100 g;
- jelly nrog qab zib hloov lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab 100 g.
Noj hmo:
- boiled nqaij los yog ntses - 100 g;
- zaub xam lav ntawm tshiab zaub - 100 g.
Ob noj hmo:
- ib khob ntawm qes-roj tsawg kefir.