Venetian carnivals paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb thiab nto moo rau lawv cov khaub ncaws ua yeeb yam. Niaj hnub no peb yuav ua ib daim npog qhov ncauj Venetian - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom muaj nuj nqis. Nws yuav ntxiv solemnity thiab tsis rau lub festive yav tsaus ntuj, thiab nyob rau hnub ntxiv uas yog ib qho tsim nyog kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm koj sab hauv.
Peb yuav ua hauj lwm hauv papier-mache cov txheej txheem uas yog siv cov pwm gypsum pwm.
Yuav ua li cas peb yuav tsum tau ua ib daim npog qhov ncauj ntawm papier-mâché?
Ua kom tau ib daim npog qhov ncauj, peb xav tau:
- ob lub hnab ntawm gypsum (hauv khw koj yuav pom nws raws li lub npe "Alabaster");
- yas;
- hmoov nplej nplaum (ib daim ntawv qhia ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog nws txoj kev npaj yog hais qhia hauv chav kawm master);
- nplaum PVA (dispersion);
- laus phab ntsa los yog ntawv pleev xim ntawm ob xim;
- txhuam rau kua nplaum;
- ob daim ntawm cov ntaub npuag ntawm cov xim txawv (txhua qhov ntev ntawm 20 centimeters);
- kub braid ntawm ob hom (txhua ib lub meter ntev);
- xaws koob, koob thiab xov;
- ntaub ntaub ntaub nyob rau hauv lub suab nrov mus ib qho ntawm cov velvet pieces (ntev 20 centimeters).
Yuav ua li cas ua ib daim npog qhov ncauj ntawm papier-mâché?
1. Rau ntawm daim ntawv, kos ib txoj hlua ntawm lub npog rau yav tom ntej, los ntawm qhov dav ntawm tus neeg lub ntsej muag, uas yuav hnav nws.
2. Los ntawm kev piv txwv, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom yas rau lub khoos phib tis yav tom ntej.
3. Tam sim no npaj lub cam khwb cia. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau nce lub gypsum maj, tswj nws ceev, vim hais tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom dissolve ib tug ntau heev tuab nrog dej - lub gypsum yuav tsis tuav. Pib nrog ib tug nyias txheej, maj npog tag nrho cov yas pwm. Lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj peb peb centimeters.
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4. Lub gypsum pib sov kom sov thiab thaum kawg nws pib thaum nws txias (li 30 feeb). Tom qab ntawd, tshem tawm cov ntawv pov thawj. Cov yas dawb paug thiab tag nrho pwm yog rhuab ua ke nrog lub gypsum thiab yog li ntawd tau yooj yim. Yog tias koj ncua sijhawm, cov av nplaum hauv plaster pwm yuav txias thiab tawv, ua rau nws nyuaj heev. Ua ntej tshem cov duab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nws lub qhov rais npoo nrog ib rab riam kom cov duab tsis crumble. Tom qab cov yas tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov pwm gypsum lawm, nws yuav tsum tau qhuav dej kom zoo rau ob peb hnub (kom ua kom txoj hauv kev kom qhuav tso lub npog ntsej muag ze ntawm lub roj teeb los yog siv lub hau plaub hau).
5. Tom qab cov pwm qhuav txaus lawm, peb pib muab cov khoom siv papier-mache los siv cov hmoov nplej nplaum. Daim ntawv qhia rau lub kua nplaum yog yooj yim heev: mus rau ib feem ntawm ib khob ntawm dej txias, ntxiv peb tablespoons ntawm hom qoob mog hmoov thiab sib tov kom txog thaum uas ib homogeneous pawg tau. Tam sim no ntxiv cov dej kub npau npau dej rau lub khob, ua rau lub khob ntawm cov kua nplaum zoo rau papier-mache. Hauv kev txiav txim rau lub npog rau yav tom ntej kom yooj yim muab tshem tawm ntawm daim ntawv gypsum, thawj txheej ntawm daim ntawv yog kis nrog kua nplaum xwb ntawm ib sab, siv ib sab qhuav rau pwm. Yuav kom nplua nyuaj-rau-qhov chaw nws yog qhov yooj yim nrog kev pab ntawm ib tug txhuam txhuam.
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6. Muab xya txheej ntawm daim ntawv, tsis nco qab rau lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov yooj yim rau lwm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.
7. Tso daim ntaub molded kom qhuav, ces maj mam muab tshem tawm thiab siv cov txheej txheem nyias nyias ntawm cov kua nplaum los ua tus npliag.
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8. Tom qab txheej txheej nplaum tau qhuav lawm, peb kos tus cim nrog lub ncauj lus, uas peb yuav txiav tawm lub npog ncauj.
9. Peb siv txiab thiab sau ntawv riam. Hauv kev txiav txim rau cov duab yuav tsum ua kom zoo nkauj, khoov txoj kev txiav ib nrab mus rau sab laug, nias nws tawm tsam cov duab thiab lub voj voog nws ncig lub contour.
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10. Daim duab ntawm lub voj ntawm lub qhov muag rau lub qhov muag, peb txiav lawv tawm.
11. Tso daim ntawv npog rau daim npog ntsej muag thiab xa cov duab kos (tsis txhob hnov qab tias lub qhov yog yog daim iav duab ntawm sab laug).
12. Siv ib rab riam hlais tawm, hle qhov hla raws qhov kab.
13. Peb yuav kos lub npe nruab nrab thiab dhau ntawm sab laug ntawm lub npog ncauj nrog PVA kua nplaum. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim tias lub kua nplaum tsis txeem los ntawm daim ntaub, nws xav muab ib tug "ntsiab" ob peb feeb.
14. Tom qab ntawd, ua tib zoo siv velvet rau sab glued thiab ua nws hauv daim ntawv. Ces txiav qhov khoom siv ntau tshaj nrog txiab.
15. Tam sim no peb yuav tsum ua tib zoo txheej txheem npoo ntawm daim ntaub, hla hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub npog ncauj (yog hais tias lub thickness ntawm cov ntaub tso cai, nws tuaj yeem sab hauv) thiab nplaum cov npoo zoo.
16. Ib yam li ntawd, peb npaj sab xis ntawm peb daim npog qhov ncauj.
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17. Peb pib ua haujlwm sab hauv lub npog ncauj. Peb txiav cov npoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawm txiab nrog cov txiab, kua nplaum daim ntawv nrog kua nplaum PVA thiab maj mam khoov cov ntaub sab hauv.
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18. Soj ntsuam qhov ntsej muag rau qhov muag. Maj mam txiav cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib rab riam thiab txiav nws nrog txiab ib ncig ntawm lub voj voog.
19. Peb tau txais daim ntawv xa nrog kua nplaum PVA, peb khoov cov ntaub hauv lub npog ncauj.
20. Lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag ntawm peb daim npog ntsej muag yog npaj txhij.
21. Peb pib mus rau qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm peb daim npog qhov ncauj. Siv cov xaws xaum, txhim kho daim kab xev thiab maj mam xaws nws rau ntawm lub velvet, siv cov threads hauv suab. Qhov pib thiab qhov kawg ntawm daim kab xev yog tsau hauv daim npog siv cov ntawv, co nrog PVA kua nplaum.
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22. Tam sim no peb xav ua cov txheej txheem lub npog ntawm lub npog ncauj. Ua li no, peb siv ntaub ntaub ntub dej. Lubricating lub PVA kua nplaum nrog ib daim ntawv nto, nias lub phaj rau nws thiab maj mam sim nws nyob rau hauv cov duab. Nyob rau ntawm lub perimeter ntawm ntaub yog tsis tshuav glued.
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23. Tam sim no peb kis tau lub npog ntsej muag ntawm ib puag ncig nrog PVA kua nplaum thiab maj mam khoov cov ntaub sab hauv. Hauv kev txiav txim rau qhov sib zog ua qhov zoo "tuav", koj tuaj yeem kho cov ntaub ntawv nrog xaws paws.
24. Tam sim no ua cov txheej txheem ntawm lub qhov muag. Txiav cov ntaub nrog riam thiab txiav lub txiab ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter. Maj mam rub cov ntaub thiab, ntxiv rau smearing daim ntawv nrog kua nplaum, peb tig nws hauv lub npog ncauj.
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25. Sab hauv ntawm lub npog ntsej muag yog npaj txhij.
26. Peb yuav tsum ua kom tiav daim ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj nrog qaum qaum. Ua li no, sew nws ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm thread nyob rau hauv ib tug tone, grabbing daim ntaub.
27. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev peb sew lub slits rau lub qhov muag.
28. Lub npog qhov ncauj qhov ntswg npaj!