Tus mob meningococcal yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau lub cev tsis ua hauj lwm hauv Neisseria meningitidis. Qhov thiab thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob yog nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no, tab sis yeej muaj tus kab mob loj heev thiab tsis zoo los sis kho tsis tau zoo heev nrog kev tsis haum.
Tus mob meningococcal kis tau zoo li cas?
Qhov tsuas yog ntawm cov kab mob pathogen yog ib tus neeg uas muaj cov cim qhia tau ntawm tus kab mob. Kabmob meningococcal kis tau los ntawm tus kabmob. Pathogenic microparticles raug tso tawm rau hauv ib cheeb tsam thaum sib tham, thaum hnoos los yog txham, tab sis tus kab mob kis tsis ceev li lwm cov kab mob. Txhawb kev sib cuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tshwm sim sab hauv tsev.
Tom qab nkag kis kab mob mus rau hauv lub cev noj qab nyob zoo, tus neeg ua nws cov cab kuj. Tus mob meningococcus tuaj yeem los ntawm ob peb hnub mus rau ob peb lub hlis, nws tag nrho nyob ntawm theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab txoj kev ua neej. Yog tias tam sim ntawd tom qab kev sib cuag nrog tus neeg mob los ua cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog, tus mob meningococcal yuav raug txo thiab rov qab. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj paub txog tus kab mob thaum tus kab mob rov qab thiab tom qab ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob.
Meningococcal kis kab mob - cov tsos mob
Cov tsos mob ntawm meningococcus sib txawv nyob ntawm daim ntawv. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog:
- kom kub;
- caj dab txhav;
- rhiab heev rau lub teeb (nyob rau hauv ib co neeg mob - photophobia);
- mob taub hau loj heev;
- ntuav;
- qhov muag plooj plooj.
Nyob rau theem ntawm lub tsheb, cov cim qhia ntawm tus mob meningococcal, raws li txoj cai, tsis tuaj yeem. Yog tias koj dhau qhov kev kuaj mob, koj yuav pom ib daim duab meej ntawm tus kabmob khaus tam sim no. Nyob rau hauv cov mob hnyav, mob ntsws muaj peev xwm tsim tau, uas yog fraught nrog kev loj hlob ntawm sepsis thiab polyarthritis, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam cov pob qij me me nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm txhais tes.
Meningococcal kis kab mob - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
Zoo li lwm cov kab mob kis tau, cov tsos mob meningococcal tsis pib sai li sai tau. Lub sijhawm tsim kom ntev li ntawm 1 mus rau 10 hnub, tab sis feem ntau yog ncua ntev tshaj 3-5 hnub. Tus mob meningococcal yog ib qho txaus ntshai nrog nws txoj kev loj hlob sai. Feem ntau tom qab lub sijhawm tas lawm, kev mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob ua rau cov neeg mob tsis zoo, thiab yog hais tias lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev pabcuam, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tsis tau.
Meningococcal nasopharyngitis - cov tsos mob
Nrog rau daim ntawv no ntawm tus kab mob, qhov txheej txheem inflammatory kis mus rau nasopharynx - qhov ntawm lub pharynx uas nyob saum lub ntuj thiab pom tau tias tsuas yog nrog kev pab ntawm ENT iav. Meningococcal nasopharyngitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li:
- mob taub hau;
- xov hauv caj pas;
- qhuav hnoos;
- qhov ntswg qhov ntswg ;
- tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg (hauv qee zaum);
- reddening ntawm phab ntsa tom sab nraud liab;
- hyperplasia ntawm cov qog ntshav siab.
Purulent meningitis - cov tsos mob
Meningococcal kis tau tus mob hauv daim ntawv purulent yog tus cwj pwm ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic microorganisms rau hauv lub plhaub mos ntawm lub hlwb. Lawv txoj kev ua rau ua rau muaj kev ywj pheej. Purulent meningitis yog los ntawm cov tsos mob li nram qab no:
- mob taub hau heev;
- kom kub;
- xeev siab;
- ntuav;
- ib qho teeb meem hauv kev ua hauj lwm ntawm cov qab hau cranial;
- tsis meej pem ntawm kev xav;
- psychomotor ntxhov siab;
- hyperesthesia;
- ib nrab tsis hnov lus;
- ua daus no;
- kev xav pom;
- nco ploj (feem ntau ib nrab);
- hyperkinesis.
Meningococcemia - cov tsos mob
Qhov no yog sepsis, uas, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim nrog cov cim qhia txog kev mob toxicosis. Tus mob meningococcal septic infections yog me, mob hnyav thiab mob hnyav. Qhov teeb meem tsim muaj tag nrho - tus neeg mob kub kub mus rau 39-40 degrees hauv ob peb feeb. Kev kub taub hau yog nrog lwm cov tsos mob:
- hais tau qaug zog;
- leeg mob;
- nqhis dej;
- pallor;
- txog kev ua tsis taus pa;
- plawv palpitations;
- txo cov ntshav siab;
- tsis tso zis.
Daim phiaj lo lus "tshwj xeeb" yog ib qho pob liab liab nyob hauv tus mob meningococcal. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim li ob peb teev tom qab pib qhov mob. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, qhov me me npog lub qis thiab sab hauv qab, taw, pob tw. Cov pob liab liab nrog meningococcemia yog tuab rau qhov kov thiab me ntsis protrudes saum lub qhov ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv loj heev mob, nws muaj peev xwm kis mus rau tag nrho lub cev. Nyob rau ntawm cov pob ntawm cov pob khaus tib paug mus rau cov kab mob khaub thuas sib txawv nrog rau cov txhais tau meej, uas nyob rau hauv qhov tsos zoo li cadaveric me ntsis. Ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub pes "tau" heev tsis tshua muaj.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob meningococcal
Kev xeem ntawv pib nrog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov tsos mob thiab kev kawm txog yam tseem ceeb uas yuav ua rau yuav luag. Yuav txiav txim siab rau daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub cev thiab ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tus mob meningococcal. Yog hais tias tus neeg muaj tus kab mob, tus kab mob no yuav muaj nyob hauv nws cov ntshav. Koj tuaj yeem ntes meningococci nrog kev pabcuam ntawm:
- ib tug ntshav smear;
- PCR ntawm cerebrospinal kua thiab ntshav;
- kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov kab mob cerebrospinal ;
- sowing ntshav;
- smear los ntawm lub qhov ntswg.
Meningococcal kis kab mob - kev kho mob
Thaum thawj zaug ntawm MI, ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau mus pw tom tsev kho mob sai thiab mob siab kho pib. Thaum kuaj tau tus mob meningococcal, kev kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua penicillin feem ntau yog feem ntau. Cov kab mob antibacterial no raug suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob. Thaum nasopharyngitis ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntxuav qhov ntswg nrog antiseptics thiab vitamin kho.
Meningococcal kis mob - kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob
Txoj kev kho tus kab mob meningococci yog ua los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv chaw kho mob, tab sis thaum tus neeg mob muaj tus mob meningococcal, thawj zaug yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj. Nrog lub xeev poob siab, cov tshuaj antipyretic zoo tiv thaiv. Yuav kom tshem tawm ntau excitation thiab qaug dab peg, ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm Sibazone yuav siv tau.
Meningococcal kis kab mob - cov lus pom zoo
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob meningococcal tua kab mob zoo, yog li lawv siv los tua kab mob. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tas li tuaj yeem kho, Penicillin tau ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm meningococcus tooj 1 rau ntau xyoo lawm. Nkag mus rau ntawm ib koob ntawm 200 - 300 units / kg ntawm ib hnub twg. Feem ntau cov tshuaj no muab faib ua 5-6 zaug. Penicillin yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Ntxiv rau Penicillin, nws muaj peev xwm mus nqa tawm kev kho mob:
- Ampicillin;
- Ceftriaxone ;
- Cefotaxime.
Tag nrho cov koob tshuaj yog xam los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas yog tus kws kho mob, xam rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tus kabmob. Yog tias tus neeg mob tau raug mob los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob beta-lactam antibacterial, lawv tuaj yeem hloov nrog Chloramphenicol. Qhov kev txua tus qauv txawv ntawm 80 rau 100 mg / kg ib hnub twg thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab faib tsis tsawg tshaj peb zaug. Yuav kom ntaus rog purulent meningitis, tej zaum siv Meropenem.
Kev tiv nrog meningococcemia yog pab los ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov txheej xwm xws li:
- detoxification;
- normalization ntawm lub cev tshuav nqi;
- symptomatic therapy;
- kho cov kua qaub-qhov pib;
- daim ntawv thov ntawm glucocorticosteroids.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob meningococcal
Sib ntaus kab mob no yog qhov nyuaj heev, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua txhua yam kom tiv thaiv tau nws. Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob meningococcal yog kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Nws yuav pab tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog lub cev MI, tab sis kuj tag nrho nws cov nyom, vim hais tias meningococcus ua rau cov kab mob, xws li:
- mob plawv ;
- lag ntseg;
- hemiparesis;
- kub siab;
- asthenia.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob meningococcal tsis yog kev tiv thaiv nkaus xwb:
- Yuav kom tsis txhob kis tau tus kab mob no, nws yog ntshaw kom tsis txhob muaj qhov chaw ntawm congestion ntawm coob tus neeg thaum mob phaum mob.
- Nyob rau hauv Autumn thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yog ntshaw kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev nrog vitamin complexes.
- Nws yog ntshaw kom tiv thaiv tau koj tus kheej ntawm hypothermia kom ntau li ntau tau.
- Tom qab sib cuag nrog tus neeg mob, tam sim ntawd nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob tua kab mob thiab haus cov tshuaj antimeningococcal immunoglobulins.
Kev kis los ntawm tus kab mob meningococcal
Txog hnub no, qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Nws muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: polysaccharide thiab conjugated, uas muaj protein-nqa khoom ntawm tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob polysaccharide los ntawm tus kab mob meningococcal sai tau nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Revaccination yog txhua txhua peb lub xyoos. Conjugated injections pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm immunological nco thiab khaws kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib theem rau 10 xyoo.
Hauv cov tsev kho mob, cov tshuaj tivthaiv tau ua rau meningococci A thiab A + C txhaj tshuaj tivthaiv txhaj tshuaj tivthaiv hauv qab ntawm peb sab caj npab lossis nyob rau thaj tsam hauv qab ntawm scapula. Kev tiv thaiv pib tsim los ntawm 5 txog rau hnub 14 tom qab txhaj tshuaj. Koj tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj ua ke nrog lwm cov kev txhaj tshuaj, tshwj tsis yog kev tiv thaiv tuberculosis thiab tiv thaiv kev ua npaws daj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws tiv thaiv tus kab mob meningococcus yog cov kab mob mob thiab mob ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob ntev. Cov kev txhaj tshuaj raug tso tseg thaum muaj kev phiv tshuaj rau cov tshuaj uas tau muab coj los ua.