Rau kev nqa ntau yam kev phais mob feem ntau nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum to anesthetize lub cheeb tsam puas. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum kho mob, kev siv tshuaj loog siv, yog ib txoj kev los thaiv qhov kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ua rau lub sijhawm luv luv.
Txoj kev siv tshuaj loog rau hauv kev kho hniav
Qhov kev piav qhia yog siv rau tshuaj loog ntawm ob sab qis thiab sab hauv qab.
Hauv thawj rooj plaub, muaj cov hom tshuaj loog
- Infraorbital. Cov tshuaj no raug txhaj rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kab kev cai ntawm infraorbital.
- Tuberal. Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog ua nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub qaum qaum. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb teev hais tias qhov txheej txheem no yog qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai, vim nws pheej ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab.
Kev qog tshuaj loog rau sab hauv qab lub puab tsaig tshwm sim:
- Apodactyl. Lub koob raug ntxig rau hauv npoo ze ntawm cov huab loj heev.
- Intraoral. Ua ntej, qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog palpated nrog cov ntiv tes.
Feem ntau, cov cuab yeej tau piav qhia yog siv ua haujlwm ntawm lub puab tsaig, zoo li hauv qhov kev sib cog lus.
Kev qog tshuaj loog ntawm txoj hlab pas
Cov txheej txheem tsim tawm ntawm sab caj npab nrog kev siv tshuaj anesthetic yog raws li ob peb txoj kev txwv ntawm kev mob taub hau ntawm tus brachial plexus los ntawm cov hom nram qab no:
- supraclavicular;
- axillary;
- interlace;
- lower-clavicular.
Muaj kuj yog ib txoj kev los thaiv cov hlab ntsha nyob thoob plaws hauv.
Thaum tswj kev lag luam hauv qab lauj tshib, tus neeg xyuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau txhaj ntawm lub dab teg. Nws tso cai rau anesthetize lub nruab nrab, radial thiab ulnar paj. Lub point ntawm insertion ntawm rab koob yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub dab teg folding zawj. Cov tshuaj muab kev tiv thaiv ntev ntawm cov hlab ntsha ua rau tsis zoo, yog li qhov kev xav tau siv rau kev khiav haujlwm ntawm cov ntiv tes.
Siv tshuaj loog ntau rau cov tshuaj loog
- Trimecaine;
- Novocain;
- Ultracaine;
- Bupivacaine;
- Lidocaine.
Txhim khu cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj, nrog rau kev ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom siv quav tshuaj, adrenaline, opioids thiab steroid hormones ntxiv rau cov tshuaj.
Kev qog tshuaj loog ntawm qis dua
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov kev raug mob ntawm cov pob txha, qhov blockages ntawm tej qab haus huv yog qhov txawv:
- txwv tsis pub;
- tib neeg;
- peroneal;
- femoral;
- ib sab;
- sab nraud ntiv taw ntawm tus ncej;
- sciatic.
Ua ntej txhaj, qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub paj hlwb yog nrhiav kev pab los ntawm ultrasound los yog neurostimulator. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev zoo siab rau thaj tsam uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau lub sijhawm txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov qhia meej ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav zam tau ntau yam kev phiv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj.
Cov teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj loog
Feem ntau cov kev tsis zoo tshwm sim muaj feem xyuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua rau tib neeg kev fab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj li no:
- puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha lossis cov hlab ntsha nyob ib ncig ntawm nws;
- mob hnyav thiab mob hnyav hauv txoj hlab pas, ntxiv mus ntev ntev tom qab tso tshuaj loog thiab phais;
- kev xav ntawm creeping "goosebumps";
- kawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas ua rau raug txhaj tshuaj (neuropathy);
- kev qia ntshav ntawm qhov qog (thoracic);
- kev qaug ;
- pneumothorax;
- tus kab mob ntawm thaj chaw uas tau txhaj tshuaj lawm.
Qee zaum kev mob tshwm sim muaj zog, tshwm sim hauv kiv taub hau, plawv dhia plawv, tsis nco qab thiab tsis muaj zog thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Lawv yog cov tsawg tsawg thiab yog los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob (hauv cov hlab ntsha).
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov teeb meem tshwm sim tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ntawm 1% ntawm tag nrho cov mob ntawm cov tshuaj loog.