Cov kev hloov kho ntawm cov kev kawm qub ntawm 5-xyoo kev kawm qib siab yog tseem qhia txog ntau tus neeg. Nrhiav kom paub lo lus teb rau lo lus nug - bachelor's thiab master's degrees - nws yog dab tsi, txhua tus me nyuam yav tom ntej, tsis hais seb nws ua rau nws txoj kev kawm ua ntej los yog tsis.
Master's degree thiab bachelor's degree txhais tau li cas?
Ob ntawm cov ntsiab lus no tau koom siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv txhais tias kev paub txog qib qis ntawm lub xeev qhov kev kawm. Thawj kauj ruam rau lub tswv yim tshiab tau pib ua hauv 1997, thaum hloov kho tau txais los ntawm Bologna Convention, qhia txog ob txoj kab ke kev kawm. Lawv tuaj ntawm lub Tebchaws Meskas, uas lawv tuav lub npe ntawm kev kawm tiav thiab kev kawm tiav. Nyob rau qhov piv txwv ntawm Amelikas koj tuaj yeem qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev kawm ntawv:
- Nws muab txoj cai hloov pauv tshwj xeeb yog tias yav dhau los ib tug muaj kev nyuaj siab.
- Kev nkag siab tias tus neeg kawm tiav qib siab li cas, ib tug neeg ua haujlwm yuav xav tau nws mus rau ib tus neeg uas muaj kev tshwj xeeb, vim nws yooj yim rau kev cob qhia ntawm khawb.
- Cov menyuam kawm ntawv, nyiaj pabcuam, kev pabcuam hauv hostel thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam raug muab ntxiv rau ntau xyoo ntxiv.
Leej twg yog tus Xib Hwb?
Tus tswv yog qib thib ob ntawm kev kawm ntawv qib siab, puas siv tau rau txhua tus uas tau dhau thawj zaug. Tus kawm master's degree kawm tau tom qab kawm tiav tag nrho txoj kev kawm. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev kawm yog tias tsis yog bachelors tau thov rau tus nqi kawm ntawv dawb, tab sis kuj kawm tiav qib siab uas kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ua ntej txoj kev qhia txog Bologna. Tus Xib Hwb txoj kev qhia tawm ntawm cov lus hauv qab no:
- Ib tug neeg uas tau ua tiav qib thib ob ntawm kev kawm ntawv muaj cai tuav txoj haujlwm ntawm tseem fwv txoj haujlwm.
- Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg ua hauj lwm tsis tas xav tias qhov siab dua yog qib kawm tiav los yog bachelor degree, cov kws lij choj tau faib tag nrho cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb rau cov uas yuav tsum tau kawm ib qib twg los yog ob qho tib si tib lub sijhawm.
- Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev kawm yog raug xaiv raws li txoj hauv kev uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv tau ua tiav rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua ub ua no.
Leej twg yog bachelor?
Bachelor's degree yog muaj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv nag hmo thiab rau cov neeg uas tau txais kev kawm tiav secondary education . Hauv kev sib thooj hauv kev sib txig sib luag, nws tsis yog siv tsis tau ntxiv rau kev magistracy. Ib tug bachelor's degree yog qhov kev kawm qib siab: thaum kawg tus tub ntxhais kawm sau cov hauj lwm tiav kev ua tiav thiab xeem dhau kev xeem ntawv. Nws muaj ntau ntau yam uas txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog:
- Nws yuav muaj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau cov specialties uas yuav muab faib rau magistracies mus rau cov ceg (piv txwv li, kev cai lij choj pub rau pej xeem, kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev cai lij choj).
- Cov kawm ntawv muab sij hawm rau yav tom ntej los sau thiab tiv thaiv ib qho kev qhia tawm.
- Prestigiousness nyob rau hauv Bologna system tsis yog nyob ntawm lub npe nrov ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tus tub ntxhais kawm tau kawm: nws yog sib npaug rau diploma lees paub los ntawm ib cov degree.
Bachelor's thiab Master's cov chav kawm - tshaj thiab ua
Ib qho kev kawm muaj nws cov kev tsis pom zoo thiab qhov zoo. Tsuas yog cov kawm tiav ntawm cov kawm tiav qib siab xwb yog lwm cov kev cai ntiav neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem ua viav vias thaum cov lus nug txog qhov zoo rau bachelor's lossis master's degree, hauv kev tawm tsam. Cov nyiaj hli yog ib txwm nyob ntawm daim diploma, yog li tus bachelor's degree tsis tau kawm tiav qib siab qee zaum kaw cov hauj lwm kev loj hlob rau cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntse thiab ntse tshaj. Nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm qhov siab ntawm theem ob ntawm kev kawm, cov uas xav kom lawv tus kheej mus tshawb nrhiav thiab qhia ntawv mus rau lub tsev hais plaub.
Master's thiab Bachelor's Degree - lawv yuav txawv li cas?
Ob theem ntawm kev kawm, txawm tias thaum lawv xav tias cov cai sib npaug zos thaum thov rau ib txoj haujlwm, tsis zoo li hauv essence. Qhov txawv ntawm cov kawm tiav thiab cov kev kawm tiav qib siab yog:
- Tus neeg thov nkag tuaj yeem thov rau bachelor's degree nrog daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm ntawv tiav, thiab master's degree yuav tsum yog tom qab kawm tiav daim bachelor's degree.
- Qhov sij hawm kawm ntawm bachelor's degree yog 4 xyoos, thiab tus master's degree yuav siv sij hawm 2 xyoos.
- Paub cov lus nug, bachelor's thiab master's degrees - nws yog dab tsi, nws yooj yim los kwv yees hais tias thaum thawj theem koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib qhov kev tshwj xeeb, thiab ntawm ob qhov koj tuaj yeem hloov nws mus rau lwm qhov yog tias koj xav tau.
- Tsuas yog ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas kawm tiav qib high school thiaj kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv tiav.
Vim li cas koj thiaj xav tau tus master's degree tom qab kawm tiav qib bachelor?
Ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis ntseeg, kev tsis ntseeg siab yog kis mus rau seb tus Master's program puas xav tau tom qab kawm tiav daim bachelor. Qhov kev xav tau rau nws tsis yog txhua qhov tshwm sim, tab sis tsuas yog thaum tus tub ntxhais kawm xav tias yuav tau txais los ntawm lub tsev ceev xwm txheej:
- ib qho kev paub ntau heev uas tsis tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem yooj yim;
- kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam muaj kev sib tw nrog kev lag luam;
- phaus hauv zej zog kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub teb chaws, cov ntawv luam tawm hauv cov phau ntawv sau;
- Hloov theem ntawm txoj kev mus kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv thiab ua haujlwm ua xibfwb.
Puas tsim nyog nws mus kawm hauv ib lub tsev hais plaub tom qab daim ntawv qhia tiav bachelor's degree?
Nws yuav tsis ncaj ncees hais tias tus master's degree yog ib lub npe uas muaj kev kawm tiav qib siab. Tsis yog txhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum muaj tus 7-xyoo-laus tus neeg los kawm hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog nws lub sijhawm thiab cov nqi siv nyiaj. Txhua tus yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb puas yuav mus rau lub tsev hais plaub tom qab tus bachelor's degree, tso nyiaj rau cov nyiaj tau txais:
- kev ywj pheej thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lees paub ntawm diploma;
- qhov equivalence ntawm tus tswv lub degree ntawm txawv teb chaws kev tsim nyog PhD;
- kev ua haujlwm nrog cov xib fwb txawv teb chaws, kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho rau tus neeg sib tw ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug master's degree tom qab bachelor's degree?
Yuav kom xaiv tau qhov kev xaiv tshaj plaws hauv kev kawm qib ob ntawm kev kawm qib siab, koj yuav tsum tau txhais kom meej meej cov hom phiaj . Master's degree tom qab kawm tiav bachelor's degree hauv lwm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb yuav qhib kev rau ob qho txiaj ntsig hauv kev nrhiav hauj lwm. Txoj cai kom paub meej tias cov degree kawm tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws uas muaj kev paub zoo thiab muaj npe zoo. Thaum xaiv ib qhov kev kawm tshwj xeeb rau tus kawm tiav qib siab, yam tseem ceeb xws li:
- kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv txawv teb chaws thiab cov tuam txhab;
- qhov kev thov rau ib txoj hauj lwm hauv txoj haujlwm ua lag luam;
- npaj siab ntawm tus tswv hauj lwm uas yuav muaj peev xwm tawm vim hais tias kev xa tawm ntawm kev sib kho.
Puas yog tus Master's degree them nyiaj tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm bachelor's degree?
Kev lees txais thiab them nyiaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm sib koom tes nrog kev ua ub no cov haujlwm muaj nyob rau hauv txoj cai ua haujlwm ntawm lub teb chaws. Nrhiav lo lus teb rau nqe lus nug txog seb puas tau magistracy them nyiaj tom qab kawm tiav bachelor's degree raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev tshwm sim:
- Master's degree hauv qee lub specialties (raws li txoj cai, nqaim-kev kawm) yog sib luag nrog ib tus kws tshwj xeeb. Cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub xeev cov nyiaj hli.
- Tus kawm tiav qib siab tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm, yog li ntawd cov tub ceev xwm muaj cai tso nws tawm, tab sis tsis them nws.
- Yog tias txoj haujlwm ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij uas tau kawm tiav ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev kawm nws nyob ntawm cov lus teb rau lo lus nug "Puas yog kawm tiav qib siab?" Tus tswv haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem tua nws. Lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau them ib qho kev so haujlwm uas muaj feem xyuam nrog cov kev kawm npaj, kev qhuab qhia lossis kev xeem xeem.