Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev tsim ntawm lub rooj thawm xyoo, germanium tsis tau qhib, tab sis Mendeleev tau pom nws lub neej. Thiab 15 xyoo tom qab daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tau pom ib pob zeb tsis paub nyob hauv ib qho ntawm Freiberg mines, hauv 1886 ib lub cim tshiab los ntawm nws. Merit belongs rau German chemist Winkler, leej twg tau muab lub caij lub npe ntawm nws teb koj chaw. Txawm nrog ntau cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm germanium, ntawm cov uas muaj ib qho chaw thiab curative, nws tsuas yog siv thaum pib ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, thiab nws tsis heev. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias tam sim no nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias lub caij tau raug kawm zoo, tab sis qee qhov ntawm nws lub peev xwm twb tau raug pov thawj lawm thiab tau ua tiav lawm.
Kho cov khoom ntawm germanium
Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb, lub keeb tsis tshwm sim, nws faib yog laborious, thiaj li ntawm thawj lub sij hawm nws tau hloov los ntawm cheaper Cheebtsam. Thaum xub thawj nws siv nyob rau hauv diodes thiab transistors, tab sis silicon yog ntau yooj yim thiab mus siv cuag, yog li txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tshuaj lom neeg thaj chaw ntawm germanium txuas ntxiv. Tam sim no nws yog ib feem ntawm thermoelectric alloys siv hauv microwave cov cuab yeej, hluav taws xob.
Cov tshuaj no kuj nyiam nyob hauv ib lub caij tshiab, tab sis qhov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb tau txais tsuas yog thaum 70 xyoo ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv Nyij Pooj tau muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau cov khoom cog ntawm germanium thiab qhia txog cov kev ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Tom qab kuaj sim rau cov tsiaj txhu thiab soj ntsuam kev soj ntsuam ntawm tib neeg, nws pom tau hais tias lub keeb muaj peev xwm ntawm:
- txhawb kev tiv thaiv ;
- xa oxygen rau ntaub so ntswg;
- sib ntaus nrog qog;
- ua kom cov kab mob ntawm cov paj hlwb khiav tsis zoo.
Lub complexity ntawm kev siv yog lub toxicity ntawm germanium nyob rau hauv loj koob, yog li ib lub tshuaj yog xav tau uas yuav muaj ib tug zoo zoo ntawm tej yam nyob rau hauv lub cev nrog tsawg raug mob. Thawj yog "Germanium-132", uas pab txhim kho lub cev ntawm ib tus neeg, pab kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa oxygen thaum muaj ib qho poob rau hauv hemoglobin. Kuj, cov kev sim tau qhia tau tias cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam sai heev (hlwb). Qhov txiaj ntsig tau pom tsuas yog thaum siv rau hauv, hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog germanium yuav tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim.
Qhov tsis muaj germanium ua rau lub cev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub cev kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, uas ua rau ntau yam kev ua txhaum. Kev pom zoo txhua hnub yog 0.8-1.5 mg. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom tsim nyog nrog cov kua mis, ntsev, kua txiv lws suav , nceb, qej thiab taum.