Kwv yees li ntawm 2-3% ntawm cov me nyuam thoob ntiaj teb xav tau kev pab orthopedic hauv thawj 12 lub hlis ntawm lub neej. Qee tus me nyuam kuaj pom lub plawv ntawm cov pob txha, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ceg. Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob raws sij hawm thiab kho, qhov mob no yuav ua rau tsis muaj kev phom sij.
Dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus - ua rau
Nyuaj kom paub, yog vim li cas thiaj muaj qhov kev xav tau, nws tsis tau. Raws li qhov feem ntau cov phoojywg, qhov kev sib koom hauv dysplasia hauv cov menyuam muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- pelvic kev nthuav qhia ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab ;
- hormonal tsis txaus siab thaum cev xeeb tub;
- uterine qaum nrog txoj hlab ntaws qaum;
- heredity;
- kev yug me nyuam los yog hnub yug tom qab raug mob;
- prematurity;
- tsev neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev tsim txom;
- nrawm swaddling ("tub rog").
Ua li cas tus dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag sib koom tes tshwm sim hauv tus menyuam?
Muaj cov tsos mob uas pom tau tias tsis pom kev, ua tib zoo saib tus me nyuam, tab sis tus kheej tus mob yog tsis tseeb. Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los txiav txim siab rau lub duav ntawm pob khaus pob txaig nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yog zoo - tiv tauj ib tus kws phais neeg orthopedic yog tias muaj kev xav tsis zoo ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov chaw kho mob ntawm cov lus piav qhia yog nyob ntawm nws cov mob hnyav thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub crumbs.
Hip dysplasia rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos
Txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem hauv thawj 12 lub hlis ntawm lub neej yog qhov nyuaj, vim hais tias tus me nyuam tsis tau nkag thiab tsis taug kev. Cov kev qhia ntxov ntawm cov hauv paus hniav dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam kuj yog raws li nram no:
- ib txhais ko taw luv dua li lwm tus;
- gluteal thiab inguinal folds yog asymmetric;
- C-puab txoj hauj lwm ntawm pob tw;
- nquag zawm ntawm tes rau hauv lub khob;
- cia lub taub hau ntawm ib sab;
- tus luj yog nyob rau ntawm txoj kab tib yam li lub thaiv hlaub (taw ko taw);
- Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm los yog kev ncua ntawm qhov nqus, ib tus nias tau hnov.
Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam noj qab haus huv, cov pob txha mos-pob txha mos muaj kev yooj yim heev. Yog tias koj muab tus me nyuam tso rau ntawm koj lub nraub qaum thiab nthuav koj cov ceg tawv, koj tuaj yeem chwv koj lub hauv caug rau ntawm qhov tsis tas siv zog. Dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus txwv tsis pub ua li no. Qhov siab ntawm qhov qis ntawm ib los yog ob qho tib si yog qhov txwv, thiab yooj yim txo.
Hip dysplasia rau cov menyuam yaus tom qab lub xyoo
Diagnosing tus kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam loj hlob yog yooj yim, vim hais tias cov teeb meem ntawm qhov teeb meem ua ntau pom tseeb txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev tshuaj ntsuam. Hip dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam - cov tsos mob:
- taug kev "ntawm thom khwm" ;
- clubfoot;
- ntiv tes ntxig rau ntawm ob txhais ceg sab hauv los yog lawv qhov sawv tawm tuaj;
- khawm;
- curvature ntawm qaum ;
- swinging npau ("dashboard");
- Ib qho tawv muag pom luv.
Cov qib high ntawm dysplasia hauv cov menyuam
Underdevelopment ntawm cov pob txha mos-cartilaginous qauv no cais tawm raws li qhov sib tsoo ua 3 pawg:
- Yooj Ywg (ua ntej tso tawm). Lub taub hau ntawm lub femur tsis ruaj tsis khov, nws tsiv dawb, qhov lig surroundings thiab nqaij yog qaug zog. Xws li congenital dysplasia ntawm lub ntsaws pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj ntau dua lwm tus, li 2% ntawm tus neeg mob.
- Qhov nruab nrab (subluxation). Cov pob txha ntawm pob txha yuav poob tawm thiab tswj tus kheej rau qhov sib npaug, qhov no tshwm sim nrog tus yam ntxwv. Cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob pathology no yog kwv yees li 0.8%.
- Hnyav (dislocation). Lub taub hau ntawm tus pob txha nyob sab nraud cov kab noj hniav. Qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob no tau pom tias tsawg tshaj 0.01% ntawm cov me nyuam mos. Mob hnyav heev ntawm cov pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov txaus ntshai. Nws ua rau cov teeb meem thiab tsis tshua muaj kab mob ntawm cov kab mob musculoskeletal thiab cov neeg laus.
Hip dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam - kev kho mob
Tus yuam sij rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm qhov teeb meem tau hais yog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov pob txha mos osteochondral nyob hauv ib txoj hauj lwm uas nws muaj peev xwm pib tsim - ceg uas sib nrauj los ntawm ob sab. Tus txheej txheem thiab txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los kho qhov dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus yog siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb:
- lub caij nyoog ntawm Pavlik;
- tires Vilensky;
- Freik lub hauv ncoo;
- Gnekovsky lub cuab yeej;
- log tsheb Volkov thiab lwm tus.
Rau kev kho kab mob me me thiab nws txoj kev tiv thaiv, ib lub dav swaddling haum, hnav cov ntaub pawm hloov rau 2 qhov loj me, siv cov hlua thiab nqa hnab ("kangaroos"). Raws li kev pabcuam, orthopedists pom zoo:
- gymnastics;
- zaws;
- physiotherapy.
LFK rau duav dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam
Tshwj xeeb qoj ib ce yuav tsum tau ua txhua txhua hnub rau 3-24 lub hlis (nyob ntawm seb qhov kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm cov kab mob pathology). Nws yog ntshaw tias lub gymnastics rau dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus yog ua los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob. Tom tsev, koj tuaj yeem ua nws tom qab kev cob qhia. Thaum tsis muaj kev txawj ntse, nws muaj kev pheej hmoo loj thiab mob rau tus menyuam.
Ce rau kev mob plab dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam:
- Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm nyob sab nraud, tuav txoj hlua, ncab taw rau hauv cov lus tsa suab.
- Khoov ib ceg ntawm lub hauv caug thiab nias nws rau lub plab, khoov lwm tus ceg ntoo ("bike").
- Xwb, khoov cov ceg ntawm lub hauv caug nyob hauv lub xeev txoj kev nyuab.
- Txav mus ib ntus khoov thiab maj mam, tsis muaj qhov muaj zog, nias lub hauv caug rau saum npoo.
- Muab koj ob txhais taw horizontally, txav lawv pem thiab rov qab, simulating glide.
- Txawb ib sab mus rau lwm qhov lem (luj taws rau lub hauv caug).
- Siv qhov chaw pov tseg rov qab thiab rov qab mus rau txoj hauj lwm yav tom ntej (kauj ruam).
- Tig rau tus menyuam ntawm nws lub plab. Khoov ob txhais ceg nyob rau hauv lub hauv caug thiab nias nws tawm tsam saum npoo.
- Yuav khoov ob qho tib si, txhawm rau txhim kho tes taw. Maj mam muab lub plab nyem rau ntawm qhov chaw.
- Nqa cov pob taws rau tus pov thawj nrog ob txhais ceg ntawm nws lub hauv caug.
Massage rau cov leeg dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam
Orthopedists pom zoo kom tsis txhob ua cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis nquag sab laj nrog ib tus kws tsim tshwj xeeb. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias lub dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov me nyuam yug tshiab - kev kho tau ua tsis yog lawm yuav ua rau qhov teeb meem tsis zoo xwb. Nyob rau ntawm ib qho yooj yim ntawm ib qho pathology nws yog ib qho ua tau los kawm zaj lus ntawm tus kws, tau mus xyuas qee zaug, thiab siv nws los yog nws tsev.
Tus mob dysplasia nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus uas siv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm li cas:
- Hlob taw thiab ntiv tes.
- Cov ntawv xov xwm zaws ncig ncig lub femur.
- Ncab cov leeg ntawm nraub qaum. Ua kom zuaj ntawm ib tug loin.
- Ua hauj lwm ntawm lub duav. Lus tawm ntawm qhov hauv qab (mus rau gluteus folds), me ntsis nias ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog koj tus ntiv tes xoo.
- Maj mam rub cov qe thiab cov luj taws.
Electrophoresis rau dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus
Cov txheej txheem physiotherapy txheej txheem yog los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj qaub qaug rau cov pob txha-pob txha mos nyob hauv qhov kev nqis tes ua ntawm tam sim no. Nws yog ib txwm qhia yog tias lub dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha raug kuaj pom hauv cov me nyuam mos - kev kho electrophoresis ua rau cov teeb meem nram qab no:
- tshem tawm ntawm kev mob;
- nyem qhov mob ntawm tus mob;
- txhawb nqa cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos;
- tshem tawm kev mob nkeeg;
- tshem tawm cov leeg ntawm hypertonic ;
- restoration ntawm cov ntshav microcirculation;
- stimulation ntawm regenerative kev.
Paraffin rau dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus
Thaum tshav kub kub muaj cov nyhuv rau cov metabolism hauv thiab cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob hauv cov pob txha mos, mob ceev nrooj thiab pab kho mob. Txoj kev piav qhia ntawm physiotherapy yog raug pom zoo kom muab coj los ua ke nrog electrophoresis, gymnastics thiab zaws. Nrog kev pab los ntawm paraffin, lub dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob txaij yog yooj yim dua thiab ntau sai sai tshem tawm - kev kho mob ntawm cov me nyuam nrog cua sov tuaj daim ntawv sau npe yuav pab:
- normalize txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua tsis tau zoo;
- rov qab mus rau lub taub hau pob txha mus rau txoj haujlwm;
- los cawm tus me nyuam ntawm qhov mob;
- txhim kho kev yooj yim;
- ua kom cov ntog tawm ntawm cov qog.
Qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov hauv siab dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam
Yog hais tias tsim nyog txoj kev kho tau pib nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm, no pathology tag disappears tsis muaj teeb meem. Thaum dysplasia ntawm lub ntsag pob qij txha hauv cov me nyuam yaus tsis kho, nws vam meej. Qee lub sij hawm qhov kev puas tsuaj rau qhov lim yog qhov hnyav heev uas orthopedist yuav tsum tau sau ib txoj kev phais mob:
- qhib dislocation;
- degrotation osteotomy;
- Cov Sij Hawm Ua Haujlwm;
- kev hloov kho osteotomy;
- osteotomy ntawm lub plab mog (los ntawm txoj kev ntawm Chiari);
- Khiav Haujlwm Koenig.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho, lub txim ntawm dysplasia hauv cov me nyuam tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:
- neoarthrosis;
- shortening ntawm tus ncej;
- dysplastic coxarthrosis;
- tsis meej lub plawv;
- tsis taus.