Lub tsho me nyuam yog ib qho ua ke ib ntus uas txuas rau niam thiab tus me nyuam hauv plab. Nws nyob hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub tsev menyuam, feem ntau ntawm nws sab phab ntsa, txawm tias nws txoj haujlwm yuav txawv. Tom qab yug tus me nyuam, tus placenta yoojyim tom qab nws, tom qab ob peb feeb.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsho me nyuam tsis yooj yim - nws nourishes tus me nyuam, hloov cov pa oxygen rau nws thiab qhia txog cov khoom tseem ceeb. Yog tsis muaj nws, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom xav tias ib tug cev xeeb tub, vim hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim fetus. Peb yuav kawm me ntsis ntxiv txog dab tsi yog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsho me nyuam?
Lub cev ntawm lub tsho me nyuam
Lub placenta muaj ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, yog li ntawd nws cov qauv hais tias yog cov qauv ntawm lub tsho me nyuam. Qhov no yog - pom txheej ntawm txheej. Yog li, qhov placental histology los ntawm fetus mus rau leej niam:
- amnion - coj cov amniotic kua thiab adsorbs lawv;
- stroma - yog cov ntaub so ntswg, muaj cov hlab ntsha thiab hlwb ntawm lub microphage - Kashchenko-Gofbaur;
- cytotrophoblast - hlwb uas tsim cov tshuaj, kuaj BAC;
- syncytiotrophoblast - Snowshoeer symplast, npog cov cytotrophoblast;
- lacunae - muaj cov ntshav;
- trophoblast - npog lacunas, hlob mus rau hauv cov phab ntsa cov hlab ntsha thiab tiv thaiv lawv contraction;
- fibrinoid - txwv tsis pub hu ua Lantgans txheej;
- decidua - endometrium nrog glycogen-nplua nuj decylulus hlwb.
Yooj yim ntawm lub tsho me nyuam
Cov qauv thiab cov dej num ntawm lub tsho me nyuam kuj sib cuam tshuam. Txhua txheej ntawm lub tsho me nyuam plays lub luag hauj lwm rau nws, vim li ntawd, lub cev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li:
- roj pauv - cov pa oxygen nkag rau hauv tus menyuam, thiab carbon dioxide tawm ntawm nws hauv kev tawm tsam;
- zaub mov - lub fetus tau txais los ntawm lub tsho me nyuam tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog
tshuaj. Hmoov tsis, nicotine, cawv thiab ntau cov tshuaj kuj dhau ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab mus rau tus menyuam. Lub tsho me nyuam kuj muab cov khoom ntawm fetus; - Kev tiv thaiv kab mob kev tiv thaiv (immunological protection) - lub placenta tsis zoo rau lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm leej niam, leej twg, thaum mus txog ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab, yuav xav txog nws ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws thiab xav sim tua nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tsho me nyuam mos muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kom paub tiv thaiv tus menyuam hauv plab;
- tus synthesis of hormones - lub placenta plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub caj pas endocrine, tsim cov tshuaj hormones ntawm hCG, prolactin, placental lactogen thiab lwm yam. Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau txoj kev kawm ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab kev loj hlob hauv plab.