Koj puas tau xav li cas kom loj hlob nceb hauv lub tebchaws? Suab txawv? Yog li ntawd nws yog. Li ntawd, tsuas yog ib qho yog ua qhov no. Txawm li cas los, vim li cas ho tsis sim ua haujlwm tshiab, muaj ntau qhov uas nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau nyiaj ntau ntau, tsis muaj teeb meem tseem ceeb. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav muaj peev xwm sau cov qoob loo tsis muaj kev sib tw tsis muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov nceb noj thiab cov menyuam yaus mus ua si tom hav zoov. Muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj dua tshiab ntawm vaj npab, koj tuaj yeem npaj koj cov khoom muag rau qhov muag.
Yuav ua li cas cog nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws?
Nws muaj ob peb txoj kev yooj yim li cas cog zaub nceb nyob hauv lub tebchaws:
- Siv ntawm mycelium npaum li cas los ntawm cov hav zoov. Thaum lub sij hawm sau ua ke ntawm nceb nyob rau hauv hav zoov, koj pom hais tias fungi feem ntau loj hlob ze ntawm cov ntoo. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw no cov av yog tsuas yog hlua nrog lawv mycelium. Txhua yam koj yuav tau ua yog ua tib zoo hloov lub thawv rau hauv koj qhov chaw. Nyob rau ntawm dacha rau lub faib ntawm mycelium, koj yuav tsum tsim tej yam kev mob zoo sib xws rau qhov kev mob ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nceb nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, los ntawm qhov chaw uas koj coj lawv. Koj yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb substrate, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov uas yuav tuaj sawdust thiab straw. Thaum muab tso rau hauv daim iav ntawm qhov chaw xaiv ntawm lub vaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npog nrog straw thiab saib xyuas nws cov dej zoo. Hauv 2-3 lub lis piam koj yuav tau txais koj thawj zaug.
- Hloov mus rau lub dacha ntawm ib tsob ntoo nceb (mob pob zeb, hemp). Hom no tsis yog tsawg dua. Nws kuj tsis tas yuav siv zog ntau. Qhov teeb meem tsuas yog qhov hloov ntawm tsis tsuas yog zoo fungi, tab sis kuj poisonous yus. Qhov no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nruj me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas koj npaj yuav muab tso rau hauv ib lub log los yog cav, koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov kev mob zoo tshaj plaws rau cov nceb - shading, av noo.
- Kev siv ntawm spores los ntawm qhuav nceb. Rau qhov no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los khaws cov qub ntoo ntawm cov nceb hauv cov hav zoov, muab lawv, zuaj lawv thiab sib zog ua rau lawv nyob hauv lawv daim duab. Tsis tu ncua moistening ntawm cov av yuav sai sai muab nws cov ntsiab - nceb yuav pib tshwm nyob rau hauv koj dacha.
Khoom siv rau nceb nce
Oyster nceb, uas yog muag hauv khw muag khoom txhua xyoo, yog cov zus los ntawm txoj kev siv ntau hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Koj muaj peev xwm master lawv cov qe nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm txawm ib tug me me barn los yog cellar. Qee tus neeg ua lag luam hauv tsev li no, thiab qee qhov muaj txaus los muab lawv tus kheej thiab tag nrho lawv cov txheeb ze nrog cov nceb noj rau lawv tus kheej. Yuav ua li cas loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws?
Ib txheej rau nceb nceb zoo li no:
- lub substrate muaj ntawm straw, sawdust ntawm non-coniferous ntoo, peels los ntawm noob, crushed nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab thiab pasteurized hauv dej kub;
- polyethylene hnab nrog qhov rau txhua 10-15 cm, nyob rau hauv uas npaj lub substrate yog pw;
- Mushroom mycelium, uas yuav tsum tau pw hauv hnab ntawm cov txheej ntawm substrate.
Cov nceb tuaj yeem cog rau hauv lub tebchaws?
Yuav luag txhua qhov chaw nce hav zoov tuaj yeem ntse hlob ntawm lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Feem ntau cov nceb hauv lub teb chaws yog:
- lub hau;
- dawb fungus;
- poderezozovik;
- roj tau;
- redhead.
Yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob nceb nceb
Champignons tuaj yeem hlob hauv hnab, thawv, ntawm ib lub txaj. Ib lub richer sau yuav tawm los ua cultivation nyob rau hauv khoom neeg tsim kev kub ntxhov, uas yog, nyob rau hauv Sacks los yog thawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog li koj muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag zoo, tsuas yog cais cov ntim cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, mus rau lo lus nug li cas zoo tshaj plaws kom loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv tsev, lo lus teb yog tsim tsim tej yam kev mob hauv tsev.
Yuav kom loj hlob nceb ntawm ib tug yooj yim straw los yog sawdust substrate yuav tsis txaus. Koj yuav tsum muaj ib tug zoo compost, muaj raws ntawm perepremshuyu straw thiab noob ntawm rye los yog hom qoob mog. Nws tuaj yeem tau yuav los ntawm cov koomhaum agricultural. Rau nws, koj xav tau ntxiv nees quav (txog li 80% ntawm tag nrho) los yog mullein. Tseem ceeb noog droppings, tab sis qhov tawm los ntawm nceb yuav qis. Nyob rau hauv no substrate, ib tug mycelium yog pw ntawm ib tug nqi ntawm 400-500 g ib square meter.
Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws? Muab tso rau hauv lub hnab nrog ib lub substrate, koj yuav tsum tos 3 hnub, tom qab ntawd ua 5-6 slots hauv txhua lub hnab thiab tawm hauv maub ntawm kub ntawm + 18-20 ° C. Twb tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam nyob rau hauv lub slits yuav muaj thawj nceb. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, koj yuav tsum hloov lub hnab mus rau ib qho chaw ntim cua thiab lub thawv ib ntus nrog lub ntsuas kub ntawm + 20-27 ° C thiab cov av qeeg (70-95%). Champignons yuav loj tuaj rau lawv cov me me hauv 3-4 lub lim piam. Cug lawv sau, koj yuav tsum tsiv lub hnab rov qab mus rau ib chav tsaus nti, uas lawv yuav pib loj dua tom qab ib lub lim tiam.
Loj hlob ntawm dawb nceb nyob hauv lub teb chaws
Tus huab tais ntawm nceb nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-npaj cuab ntxhiab. Yuav ua li cas loj hlob cov nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws? Yuav kom lawv loj hlob, koj siv tau ib qho ntawm cov kev piav qhia saum toj no - qhov kev hloov ntawm mycelium, cog ntawm mycelium (nrog rau cov mycelium uas yuav), dispersion ntawm spores. Cov kob zoo heev hav zoov nyob rau hauv dacha loj hlob ze ntawm cov ntoo, uas koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ib nrab-meter txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb mus rau decompose lub compost, nteg noob, mycelium los yog mycelium thiab npog lawv nrog ib tug txheej ntawm nplooj. Lub site nrog mycelium yuav tsum tau periodically watered. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, mycelium yuav tsum tau strewed nrog compost thiab them nrog zaj duab xis yog tias tsim nyog.
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob oyster nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws?
Rau cultivation ntawm veshenok koj yuav tsum tau ib lub teeb, voiced saum toj no (substrate, mycelium thiab hnab). Cov lus nug tseem tshua: yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob nceb, chav twg yog qhov zoo dua rau lawv kom siv tau, yuav ua li cas moisten lawv, thiab lwm yam. Lub chav rau nqaij qaib yuav tsum raug kaw, tsaus, nrog rau qhov kub qhov kub ntawm + 22-25 ° C thiab cov av noo ntawm 95%. Tom qab 20-30 hnub tom qab pib ntawm cultivation, lub ntsuas kub nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev yuav tsum tau txo rau + 12-18 ° C.
Airing thiab moisturizing yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob oyster nceb. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem tso dej rau hauv chav tsev thiab nruab ib lub kiv cua. Teeb pom kev 12 xuab moos tauj ib hnub tuaj yeem nrog cov teeb cig nteg. Tom qab sau ob lub qoob loo ntawm oyster nceb los ntawm ib lub hnab, lub substrate yuav tsum tau hloov. Cov yield yield ntawm 10 kg ntawm substrate yog 3 kg ntawm nceb. Rau ib xyoos, qhov hloov ntawm cov substrate yog 4-5 zaug hauv nruab nrab. Nws hloov tawm hais tias los ntawm txhua square Meter ntawm koj Mushroom "plantation" koj muaj peev xwm sau txog 80-100 kg ntawm nceb.
Loj hlob chanterelles nyob hauv lub teb chaws
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob chanterelles nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws - koj nug. Ua li no, koj xav tau ib qho phaj nyaj uas sprouts mus rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav ze ntawm cov ntoo loj hlob. Feem ntau nws yog ib qho ntoo qhib los yog lub txiv nee. Tiv thaiv kom "ua phooj ywg" chanterelles nrog rau cov ntoo hauv vaj tse tsis tas yuav ua tsis tau. Yog tias koj tsis muaj tsob ntoo uas tsim nyog, koj yuav tau cog nws. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus nyob rau hauv ib lub hav zoov ib tsob ntoo nrog ib tug npaj mycelium nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm. Thaum digging li tsob ntoo, lob 15-20 cm ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab coniferous litter. Nroj tsuag xws li ib tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv lub penumbra, muab nws nrog li niaj zaus watering. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau fertilize cov av - tag nrho cov tsim nyog mushroom chanterelles yuav siv los ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm tsob ntoo.
Loj hlob oily nyob hauv lub teb chaws
Nws yog feem ntau yooj yim rau yug no fungus los ntawm txoj kev ntawm nceb xaiv. Feem ntau lawv loj hlob ntawm cov hluas pines - qhov no yog qhov chaw ntawm hav zoov av koj yuav tsum tau xa mus rau koj tus dacha. Yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob butter on lub tsev: cov nceb nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov av yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub. Lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub site xaiv rau cog yuav tsum sim, nrog indirect hnub ci. Nyob rau lub sij hawm droughty, ib lub txaj ntawm roj av yuav tsum tau watered abundantly. Thawj zaug yuav tshwm sim 3-4 xyoos tom qab.
Opencki ntawm lub tsev me
Yog hais tias koj yog cov tshiab rau cov teeb meem ntawm yuav ua li cas yug nceb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, pib nrog ib tug yooj yim - yug me nyuam sprout . Nyob rau tom hav zoov, lawv loj hlob ntawm stumps thiab ib nrab-rotten cav. Koj tsuas yog xav hloov tej yam ntawm qhov no mus rau koj qhov chaw. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog los cog lub mycelium nyob rau hauv stump stump tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb. Optimum, yog hais tias nws yog ib qho tawv ntawm beech, aspen, poplar, willow, oak los yog tshauv. Qhov chaw rau lawv cov cultivation yuav tsum tau ntxoov ntxoo thiab moist. Thawj qoob loo tom qab cog lub mycelium yuav tsum tau tom qab 1-2 xyoo.