Beta-Blockers - daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj

Beta-blockers yog hu ua tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau beta-adrenergic receptors. Cov nyiaj no tau muab tso rau thaum:

• kev kho mob plawv dhia se;
• qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob rov qab ua pauj cov mob me dua ;
• kev kho siab ntawm kub siab.

Dab tsi yog beta-adrenergic receptors?

Beta-adrenergic receptors yog receptors uas hnov ​​mob los ntawm hormones adrenaline thiab noradrenaline thiab muab faib ua peb pawg:

1. β1 - feem ntau nyob hauv plawv hauv plawv, thiab nrog lawv cov stimulation muaj nce hauv lub zog thiab qhov zaus ntawm cov lus cog hauv plawv, ntshav nce zuj zus; kuj β1-adrenergic receptors yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ob lub raum thiab pab raws li receptors ntawm ze-lobe apparatus;
2. β2 - receptors, uas pom nyob rau hauv cov pob txha thiab ua kom lawv nthuav thiab tshem tawm cov roj broncospasm; Cov neeg no yog cov kab mob hauv hlwb, thiab lawv cov stimulation los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones yuav txhawb nqa cov roj ntsha ntawm glycogen (reserve reserve polysaccharide) thiab tso ntshav qab zib rau hauv cov ntshav;
3. β3 - nyob hauv cov nqaij mos nyob rau hauv adipose, qaug tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj hormones qhib cov nqaij npuas, ua rau lub zog tso thiab ntau dua cov cua sov.

Kev faib tawm thiab cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj beta-blockers

Nyob ntawm cov uas txais kev pom zoo los ntawm beta-blockers, ua rau lawv thaiv, cov tshuaj no muab faib ua ob pawg neeg loj.

Xaiv (cardioselective) beta-blockers

Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj no yog xaiv thiab qhia kom tsis txhob muaj lub npe hu ua β1-adrenergic reseptors (tsis txhob raug rau β2-receptors), nrog rau cov kev mob plawv tsis zoo uas yog:

• txo qis qis qis ntawm lub plawv;
• txo qis ntawm lub plawv dhia;
• hluav taws xob ntawm txoj kev siv los ntawm lub atrio-ventricular node;
• poob excitability ntawm lub plawv.

Cov pab pawg no muaj xws li cov yeeb tshuaj:

• Atenolol (Athenoben, Prinorm, Hypoten, Tenolol, thiab lwm yam);
• Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, Bisogamma, thiab lwm yam);
• betaxolol (Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, thiab lwm yam);
• metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, thiab lwm yam);
• Nebivolol (Binelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
• talinolol (Crewum);
• esmolol (Breviblock).

Tsis-xaiv cov beta-blockers

Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem thaiv ob qho tib si β1 thiab β2-adrenoreceptors, muaj antihypertensive, los tiv thaiv kev npau taws, ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov tshuaj no tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub suab ntawm lub bronchi, lub suab ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub plab, lub suab ntawm lub tsev menyuam, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob hauv plab.

Qhov no muaj xws li cov yeeb yam nram no:

• propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Inderal, etc.);
• bopindolol (Sandinorm);
• Levobunolol (Wistagen);
• nadolol (Korgard);
• Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
• ovonol (Vistagan);
• pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
• sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
• timolol (Nyeem, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, thiab lwm yam).

Beta-blockers ntawm qhov tseeb tiam

Kev npaj ntawm lub tshiab, thib peb, tiam yog cov ua los ntawm ntxiv vasodilating zog vim blockade ntawm alpha-adrenergic receptors. Daim ntawv teev cov niaj hnub beta-blockers muaj xws li:

• carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, thiab lwm yam);
• celiprolol (Tselipres);
• bucindolol.

Kom paub meej cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj beta-blockers nrog tachycardia, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov no, cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws uas pab txo lub plawv dhia, yog cov nyiaj raws li bisoprolol thiab propranolol.

Contraindications rau kev siv beta-blockers

Lub ntsiab contraindications rau cov tshuaj no yog:

• bronchial hawb pob;
• ntshav siab;
• Syndrome ntawm kev qaug zog ntawm qhov ntswg;
• pathology ntawm peripheral hlab ntsha;
• bradycardia;
• cardiogenic poob siab ;
• atrioventricular block ntawm qib ob los yog qib thib peb.