Yuav ua li cas loj hlob cucumbers yog theoretically paub mus rau txhua tus zaub gardener. Tab sis tsis tas li ntawd qhov tshwm sim rau qhov kev xav tau. Ib tug nplua nuj sau yog ib qho txiaj ntsim ntawm kev kub ntxhov thiab txaj muag, paub txog lub subtleties ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm cultivation ntawm no delicious subtropical zaub.
Cucumbers - cog
Lub secrets ntawm cov loj hlob cucumbers yog cov yooj yim heev. Lawv yog:
- nyob rau hauv qhov chaw;
- tswj kev kub ntxhov siab;
- tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv kab mob;
- lub koom haum ntawm watering nrog tov hnav khaub ncaws.
Lub dib hlob zoo rau cultivated cheeb tsam nrog ib txoj kab nqes sab qab teb nyob rau hauv cov av loamy xau nrog ib tug nruab nrab thiab me ntsis acidic ras txog. Tab sis txawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw yuav tsis tuaj rau hauv cov nroj tsuag liking, yog hais tias yav dhau los muaj cog taub dag, dib liab, beetroot, sunflower los yog txiv lws suav. Tsis txhob yaum kom cov khoom noj kom loj hlob qoob qoob loo hauv ib thaj tsam li ob xyoo sib law liag - qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kis tau qee cov kab mob (fusarium wilt, anthracnose, bacteriosis).
Qhov sov tsoom fwv thiab humidity txiav txim siab ntawm txoj kev thiab sij hawm ntawm lub dib cog. Nyob rau hauv sov thaj chaw, ib tug zoo qoob loo tawm lub cog ntawm cov noob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av. Seedling txoj kev ntawm cultivation yog noj rau climatic aav nrog tsawg kub indices. Qhov no kuj yog qhov zoo vim hais tias nws tso cai rau koj tau txais thaum ntxov sau - rau 2-3 lub lis piam nroj tsuag cog nrog seedlings outstrip lawv cov kwv tij uas tsoo tawm ntawm cov noob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av. Ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau yooj yim kom muab cov nroj tsuag nrog rau qhov kub siab regime, illumination thiab watering nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom.
Technology ntawm loj hlob dib - txaj
Av rau lub dib yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj ua ntej. Nyob rau hauv Autumn lub site yuav tsum tau plowed thiab organic, phosphoric thiab poov tshuaj chiv yog nkag tau. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, vim tias cov khoom siv muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag. Yog hais tias cov av acidity theem nce, limestone chiv yuav tsum ntxiv. Nitrogen fertilizing yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum lub sij hawm cultivation ntawm cov av ua ntej cog thiab thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Cultivation thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm cucumbers nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av yuav muab tsim nyog tau nrog lub zoo tsim ntawm noob. Cov khoom cog yuav tsum tau sov so, soaked nyob rau hauv microelements thiab etched. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm sowing zaub yuav tsum lig - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab climatic strips tsaws yuav tsum tau tsis ua ntej tshaj nruab nrab-May, thaum cov av warms mus txog + 15 ... + 17 ° S. Sow lub noob nyob rau hauv qhov Wells (nrog ib tug interval ntawm 50-60 cm, nyob rau hauv ib los yog ob kab). 4-5 cov noob raug muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov dej. Qhov tob ntawm sowing yog mus txog 2 cm on hnyav loamy xau, txog li 4 cm - on teeb Sandy xau.
Loj hlob nplooj seedlings
Strengthened seedlings, cog rau hauv av, pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej rau ob lub lim tiam tshaj li shrubs zus los ntawm cov noob. Vim li no, ntau tus neeg ua liaj ua teb nyiam yub txujci, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov chaw uas muaj kev kub ntxhov thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis lwj qhov sov. Ua noj seedlings pib ua ntej, txij li thaum lawv yuav tsum cog lawv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum 3-4 nplooj thiab nws cov hnub nyoog yuav tsum 20-25 hnub. Zoo rau tej yam kev mob rau cultivation ntawm dib seedlings:
- ib tug neeg lauj kaub nrog av zoo thiab kua qhov - rau txhua qhov tua;
- ib qho chaw sov thiab ci ntsa nrog cua kub hauv nruab hnub yog 20-22 ° C, thaum tsaus ntuj - 18-20 ° C;
- kev tsis tuaj;
- sim dej tsis muaj overmoistening thiab ziab ntawm cov av.
Cultivation ntawm cucumbers los ntawm noob
Ib tug zoo sau yog tau thaum cog cov noob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau muab rau kev npaj khoom ntawm kev npaj cov khoom cog:
- noob siv rau cog 2-3 xyoo dhau los;
- ua ntej yuav cog, lawv muaj calibrated - soaked thiab hnub nyoog hauv cov kua ntsev kua rau 5-10 feeb (cov tshuaj yog npaj thiab xam 3 g ntawm ntsev ib 100 ml dej), cov noob uas tau tawm ntawm qhov av lawm;
- lub cultivation ntawm cucumbers tsis ua yam tsis muaj disinfection ntawm noob nyob rau hauv kev daws ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ("Fitosporin-M", "Baksis", 1% daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate);
- nyob rau ib qho kev lag luam, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog ua los ntawm cov cua kub (rau 3 hnub cov tshuaj tua tsis tau hauv qhov kub ntawm 40 ° C lossis hnub ntawm 80 ° C);
- thaum cog nyob rau hauv cov neeg pluag av noob raug soaked nyob rau hauv chiv (kev loj hlob stimulators - "Epin", "Zircon");
- sowing tsuas yog nyob hauv cov av sov;
- ntxiv algorithm, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob cucumbers thiab saib xyuas ntawm lawv, nyob ntawm tej yam kev mob thiab ntau yam.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cucumbers
Muaj ob peb txoj kev loj hlob cucumbers. Lawv yog cov predetermined los ntawm ntau yam, qhov muaj chaw dawb, qhov zoo ntawm cov av, qhov kub thiab tsoom fwv thiab cov nta ntawm dej. Qee hom kev cog qoob loo yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov nqi rau kev tsim kho ntawm ncej thiab kev yuav khoom tshwj xeeb ntim. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm gardeners yog cov nram qab no txoj kev:
- Vasstil. Kab qos kis thoob plaws lub txaj thiab siab siv tshav ntuj. Qhov disadvantage ntawm txoj kev yog lub siab yuav ua rau ntawm lub stems thiab paus system thaum loosening cov av thiab watering.
- On lub trellis. Cov nroj tsuag uas cog hauv ob kab, cov ceg txheem nres yog nyob rau hauv, thiab lub xov tooj cua trellis yog fastened rau lawv. Thaum teb lo lus nug yuav ua li cas loj hlob cucumbers by tapping, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv no cov ntaub ntawv nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv ib qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm cua thiab drafts.
- Hauv tej kas tham. Thawj txoj kev los cawm qhov chaw - qhov loj hlob qus qoob loo nyob rau hauv tej kasmoos yog xam tshiab, tab sis yog dav siv cov gardeners thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Cov thawv muaj puv nkaus nyom, chiv, lub ntiaj teb yog raug ntim saum toj saud, dej thiab hauv av tawm mus rau ib lub lim tiam. Tom qab ntawd cog 5-8 noob.
Tej yam xwm rau qoob zuj zus
Lub dib yog ib lub tshav kub-hlub cog, nws yuav tsis zam frosts, txawm tias qhov ntsuas kub ntawm + 10 ° C yuav tuag rau nws. Lub tswv yim zoo rau ib qho zaub yog 25-30 ° C thiab humidity tsis qis dua 70-80%. Ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 15 ° C, tua qeeb lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Cultivation ntawm cucumbers nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av xav ntau heev loosening ntawm av thiab weeding ntawm weeds. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau pom dua los hloov cov txheej txheem dhau los ntawm mulching cov av .
Cultivation ntawm cucumbers nyob rau hauv cov av - watering
Ua ntej thaum pib ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yuav tsum tau muab cov dej sov nruab nrab ntawm 4-6 liters ib 1 m 2 tom qab 5-6 hnub, ib lub paj thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-cov kabmob ntoo yuav tsum tau ntub ntub dej - 6-12 liters txhua txhua hnub. Kev ywg dej yuav tsum tau ua nrog dej sov thiab tsuas yog yav tsaus ntuj xwb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua rau lub hauv paus tsis muaj zog, koj yuav tsum siv cov kaus poom dej thiab cov tshuaj txau. Loj hlob thiab tu rau cucumbers nyob rau hauv lig lub caij ntuj sov txhais tau tias txo cov zaus ntawm watering. Overabundance ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv lub txias txias tuaj yeem ua rau tsim ntawm paus rot.
Cov lus qhia rau cov qoob loo loj hlob - to top hnav khaub ncaws
Li niaj zaus fertilizing tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov secrets ntawm cultivation ntawm cucumbers. Muaj lub hauv paus qis zog, cov nroj tsuag xav tau ib qho ntxiv qhov chaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov organic chiv. Thawj sab hnav khaub ncaws yog ua thaum pib ntawm flowering, thaum lub sij hawm nquag fruiting lub sij hawm - txhua txhua 10-15 hnub. Ua ib qho chiv, koj tuaj yeem siv kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov noog (diluted hauv dej 1:20) los yog mullein (hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm 1:10). Raws li koj loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub bushes koj muaj peev xwm ncuav peat. Pab tau rau cucumbers thiab foliar to top hnav khaub ncaws - Txau nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb daws "Ovary" .
Loj hlob qucumbers nyob rau hauv lub vaj - cov kab mob thiab cov pests
Ib qho ntawm kab tsuag ntawm dib yog wireworms, aphids, sprouts, kab laug sab mites. Koj tuaj yeem tua lawv los ntawm kev kho kab tsuag nrog cov nroj tsuag ("Fosbetsid", "Agravertin", "Phytoferm", "Carbophos"). Peculiarities ntawm cov qoob loo loj hlob qhia txog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob xws li powdery mildew, bacteriosis, anthracnose. Rau cov hom phiaj no, noob hnav ua tiav, thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim, cov nroj tsuag tau txau nrog ib qho tshuaj ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, sulfaride, sprinkled nrog av sulfur.