Cov pituitary caj pas secretes ntau lub tebchaw uas tswj cov kev ua ntawm endocrine qog, cov metabolism thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. Ib qho ntawm cov hormones yog somatotropin (somatropin). Nws qhov kev xav tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam, cov hluas, cov poj niam thiab cov ncaws pob.
Dab tsi yog qhov hormone lub luag hauj lwm?
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau (txog 20 xyoo), cov ntsiab lus tshuaj chemical raug tso tawm rau hauv qhov nce ntxiv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha ntev tubular, yog li no cov tshuaj no tseem hu ua kev loj hlob hormone kev loj hlob hormone. Tom qab 20 xyoo, thaum cov kab mob musculoskeletal yuav luag ua, nws cov qoob loo yog txo kom tsawg. Kev loj hlob hormone (STH) ua lwm yam:
- activates thiab txhawb T-cell kev tiv thaiv;
- ua kom muaj zog tawm hws;
- nce elasticity ntawm ligaments;
- txo qis txoj kev laus;
- txhim kho digestibility ntawm poov hlau nyob rau hauv intestine.
Cov nyhuv ntawm kev loj hlob hormone on metabolism
Cov neeg tuaj ua si tau mob siab rau STG vim nws txoj kev muaj peev xwm los tsim kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov hluav taws kub thiab tsim cov leeg. Txoj kev loj hlob hormone yog tsim los ntawm hlwb ntawm adenohypophysis (somatotrophs), ntawm cov qauv molecular zoo ib yam li prolactin thiab placental lactogen. Vim li no, cov poj niam yuav tsum tswj cov concentration ntawm STH. Nws ua rau lub silhouette, muab kev pab txhawb rau lub ligaments nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov qog cov qog, pab tswj cov hluas thiab ib lub cev haum.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib yam tshuaj somatotropic ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic:
- pab kom muaj protein ntau synthesis thiab qeeb lawv cov hniav lwj;
- ib qho chaw khuam siab mus rau kev tso dej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg;
- ntau ntxiv cov ntshav qabzib ;
- txo ntawm excretion ntawm sodium thiab potassium los ntawm lub cev.
Kev sim rau kev loj hlob hormone
Kom paub meej tias qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom hauv lo lus nug, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib txoj kev tshawb xyuas kev ua ntshav ntawm venous ntshav. Yuav ua li cas kom yog tshaj li ib qho kua roj ntsha ntawm ib lub cev sototropic ntawm lub cev pituitary:
- Hnub ua ntej qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, tshem tag nrho cov zaub mov rog ntawm daim ntawv qhia zaub mov.
- Hauv kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob, tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj 24 teev ua ntej yuav mus kuaj.
- Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, tsis txhob siab ntsws thiab sab cev nqaij daim tawv. Kev loj hlob hormone nce siab tom qab kev ntxhov siab.
- 12 teev ua ntej ntshav pub dawb, tsis txhob noj, yog li nws zoo dua ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thaum sawv ntxov.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb 3 teev ua ntej qhov kev kuaj ntawd.
STG yuav muaj kev hloov mus rau thaum lub sijhawm, nws hloov tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm concentration ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hormones thiab mus ob peb vas. Nws yog ib qhov kev pom zoo kom pub ntshav ob peb zaug thiab xam cov nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm somatotropin nyob ntawm tus poj niam txiv neej:
- poj niam - txog 8-10 hom ng / ml;
- txiv neej - txog 2-3 ng / ml.
Kev loj hlob hormone yog cov cai hauv cov menyuam yaus
Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom uas tau hais hauv tus me nyuam cov ntshav sib haum rau nws lub hnub nyoog, cov nqi ntau tshaj plaws raug pom hauv kev pub dawb. Kev loj hlob hormone yog cov cai ntawm hnub nyoog:
- mus txog 3 xyoos - 0.43-3.03 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.37-2.07 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 3-6 xyoo - 0,1-1,9 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0,07-2,17 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 6-9 xyoos - 0.13-4.67 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.13-2.77 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- los ntawm 9 mus rau 10 xyoo - 0.07-0.27 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.07-1.7 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 10-11 xyoos - 0.1-5.97 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.07-4.07 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 11-12 xyoos - 0.13-9.7 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.1-7.7 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 12-13 xyoos - 0.17-15.43 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.1-6.83 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 13-14 xyoos - 0,13-8,57 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0,1-6,17 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 14-15 xyoos - 0.2-8.67 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.1-6.77 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 15-16 xyoos - 0.23-10.13 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.07-9.87 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 16-17 xyoo - 0.27-9.37 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0.2-10.57 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais;
- 17-19 xyoos - 0,23,73 ng / ml rau cov tub hluas, 0,83-4,07 ng / ml rau cov menyuam ntxhais.
Loj hlob hormone tsa
Ntau cov concentration ntawm STH ua rau muaj kev mob loj heev thiab txoj sia. Yog hais tias somatotropic hormone yog nce hauv cov menyuam, gigantism tsim. Kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam yog ceev thiab txawv los ntawm cov neeg kawm ua ke. Ib yam li ntawd, cov hauv nruab nrog cev muaj zog tuaj. Nrog rau lub hnub nyoog, ntau sototropic hormone ua rau acromegaly thiab nws cov kab mob thiab cov tsos mob:
- thickening thiab thickening ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- ntau cov plaub hau;
- mob hnyav heev;
- nce cov ntsiab lus muaj roj ntawm cov epithelium;
- tshaj cov roj cholesterol thiab arteriosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha;
- ntshav qab zib mellitus ;
- deficiency ntawm calcium hauv lub cev;
- pathology ntawm qhov system hauv lub paj hlwb;
- o ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub cev;
- migraines;
- tsis pom kev tseeb tseeb;
- mob plawv ;
- gynecomastia;
- tsis hnov ntxhiab tsw;
- kev hloov ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws;
- apnea;
- kev sib deev tsis tseem ceeb;
- cov kev hloov hauv qab los noj mov thiab kev pw tsaug zog.
Vim li cas kev loj hlob hormone ntau zog?
Lub ntsiab ntawm qhov teeb meem tau piav qhia yog ib lub qog ntawm pituitary caj pas, yog li ntawd endocrinologists nyob rau hauv tus mob yog qhia thawj zaug ua lub magnetic resonance imaging ntawm lub hlwb. Qee lub sij hawm STH yuav nce ntxiv vim muaj kev txawv txav ntawm caj ces:
- McCune-Albright Syndrome;
- complex ntawm Carney;
- Vermeer's Syndrome;
- cais tsev neeg acromegaly.
Yog hais tias qhov kev loj hlob hormone yog nce siab rau hauv tus me nyuam, qhov ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ib qho:
- lub predominance ntawm protein nyob rau hauv kev noj haus;
- kev ua si lub cev;
- tshaib plab;
- pw tsaug zog ntev;
- ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub concentration ntawm qab zib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav;
- pathology ntawm nqus ntawm cov as-ham hauv txoj hnyuv;
- kev ntxhov siab.
Yuav ua li cas kom txo tau txoj kev loj hlob hormone?
Thaum pib theem ntawm qhov teeb meem tsis muaj teeb meem, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tau muab kho dua. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom txo tau txoj kev loj hlob hormone yog coj los yog tswj cov tshuaj uas ua rau tus pituitary thiab tso tawm cov STG. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no yog los ntawm somatostatin. Nws yog ib qho hormone uas ua rau cov hypothalamus. Nws txo cov kev tso pa tawm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg piav qhia thiab pab rau normalize nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav.
Thaum loj hlob ntawm hormone hauv tus me nyuam los yog tus neeg laus yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob hlav hauv lub hlwb , kev kho radical ntau yuav raug pom zoo:
- Kev kho mob phais . Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov qog tag lossis tshem tawm ib ntus, qee zaum - nrog ib qhov chaw me me ntawm lub caj pas pituitary.
- Irradiation. Siv rau hauv tshwj xeeb yog tias kev phais mob yog tsis tsim nyog.
Kev loj hlob hormone txo qis
Qhov tsis muaj cov khoom no kuj yog kev txhawj xeeb nrog cov teeb meem, tab sis tsis tshua loj tshaj nws cov excess. Kev tsis muaj zog ntawm kev loj hlob hauv cov laus tuaj yeem ua rau:
- leeg tsis muaj zog;
- rog;
- apathy;
- acceleration kev laus;
- cov kab mob plawv tsis tu ncua;
- tsis muaj libido;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- leeg hypotrophy;
- atherosclerosis.
Kev loj hlob hormone txo qis rau cov menyuam yaus (pituitary nanism) ua rau qeeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cev:
- tsawg txoj kev loj hlob;
- me me nta;
- txo ko taw thiab ob txhais tes;
- daj tawv nqaij;
- lub suab nyias;
- tsis muaj kev sib deev yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev hauv kev hluas;
- pib rau hnub nyoog ntawm kev qoj ib ce;
- undeveloped musculature.
Vim li cas kev loj hlob hormone txo qis?
Pituitary nanism tuaj yeem yog yug menyuam thiab nrhiav tau. Feem ntau qhov kev xav ntawm cov kab mob pathology yog piav qhia los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov kev loj hlob hormone yog txo qis hauv tus me nyuam txij thaum yug yau. Lwm qhov zoo ib yam li qhov teeb meem uas muaj tshaj ntawm STH. Cov kev hloov hauv nws cov concentration yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasms hauv cheeb tsam pituitary. Kev txo qis qis dua hauv cov laus yog kuaj tau rau cov hauv qab no:
- cov kev pabcuam yav dhau los rau hauv lub hlwb;
- taub hau irradiation;
- mob loj heev;
- craniocerebral kev tuag;
- endocrine tsis txaus.
Yuav ua li cas ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob hormone?
Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem tau piav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsim muaj dab tsi ua rau nws. Yog hais tias qhov nce ntawm kev loj hlob hormone yog vim muaj cov nqaij pob txha benign hauv lub pituitary caj pas, nws txoj kev tshem tawm yuav tsum tau txhaj. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam, lub normalization ntawm lub concentration ntawm tshuaj yog nqa tawm los ntawm conservative txoj kev. Tshuaj kho tau sai thiab ruaj khov sai heev rau kev loj hlob hormone, tshuaj uas siv rau qhov no:
- Somatropin;
- Lub biosome;
- Rastan;
- Genotropin;
- Humatrop;
- Norditropin thiab analogues.
Hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov me nyuam ntxiv thiab siv lwm cov tshuaj hormones tsim nyog rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov thyroid caj pas thiab puberty:
- estrogens;
- testosterone;
- glucocorticosteroids;
- progesterone;
- Cov thawv tswj kev lag luam.