Nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub thyroid caj pas muaj nyob rau hauv plaub plaub ntau me ntsis endocrine plab hnyuv siab raum. Lawv tsim ob qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal, qhov txuas. Txhua qhov kabmob parathyroid tsim tawm cov kabmob parathyroid (parathyroid hormone, calcitrine) lossis parathyroid hormone, as well as calcitonin, vim muaj cov kabmob uas muaj tus kabmob.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau cov kab mob parathyroid?
Lub functions ntawm lub cev piav qhia yog kev tswj ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium metabolism hauv tib neeg lub cev. Yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntshav txo, qhov no yog lo lus teb ntawm tus tshwj xeeb parathyroid receptors. Lawv xav tias yuav tsum tau qhib cov tshuaj parathyroid hormones thiab calcitonin. Nyuam qhuav, cov tshuaj no ua rau mob osteoclasts, ua rau kom lawv tso cov kua qaub los ntawm cov pob txha hauv cov ntshav.
Yog li, cov tshuaj hormones yuav tsum tau kho thiab tuav lub cev hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev muaj zog hauv lub cev.
Kab mob vim yog hyperfunction ntawm parathyroid caj pas
Ntau dhau lawm ntawm calcitonin thiab parathyroidin, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha system:
- txhaws ntswg zaus heev;
- cyst tag;
- qhov tsos ntawm malignant neoplasms;
- softening, txhaws pob txha.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hyperfunctioning teeb meem provokes kev loj hlob ntawm xws li cov kab mob:
- nephrolithiasis;
- urolithiasis;
- hypercalcemia;
- pathology ntawm plab zom mov;
- nephrocalcinosis;
- psychosis;
- leeg tsis muaj zog;
- polyuria;
- kab mob parathyroid osteodystrophy;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- mob qaug zog ;
- ntau dua thirst.
Cov teeb meem uas tau teev muaj feem ntau tshwm sim rau ntawm ib qho kev mob ntawm lub plab (hyperplasia) ntawm cov kab mob parathyroid - qhov nce ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub plab hnyuv loj, kev loj hlob, tab sis lwm yam mob yuav ua rau cov kab mob:
- adenoma;
- malignant qog;
- cev xeeb tub kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj vitamin D metabolism hauv;
- mob hawb pob tsis ntev;
- mus sij hawm ntev kho nrog anticonvulsants;
- ntev kab mob ntawm gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av.
Cov kab mob dab tsi tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv ntshav qab zib ntawm cov kab mob parathyroid?
Deficiency ntawm calcitotin thiab calcitonin tsawg dua. Vim li no, nyob rau hauv cov ntshav muaj ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub concentration ntawm poov hlau nrog ib simultaneous nce nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm phosphorus.
Hypofunction, qhov tseeb, tsis ua rau muaj kab mob, tab sis yog muaj cov tsos mob li nram qab no:
- ua daus no ;
- dermatitis;
- hnyav heev ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- spasms ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntawm tes thiab taw;
- kev sib cav sib ceg;
- loog loog thiab ntiv tes;
- tawg taus ntawm cov hniav;
- spasms ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag;
- brittleness, delamination ntawm tes.
Kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov kabmob parathyroid yog vim yog cov kabmob ntsig ntawm cov kabmob endocrine kabmob lossis lawv qhov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tau piav qhia yog vim muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis tshem tawm cov qog thaum lub sijhawm phais mob.
Ultrasound ntawm kabmob parathyroid thiab lwm txoj kev kuaj mob
Los txiav txim siab rau kev ua si thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kabmob
- cov ntsiab lus ntawm calcium uas zoo tib yam thiab ionized;
- qhov concentration of parathyroid hormone;
- theem ntawm osteocalcin.
Nws tseem yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas seb cov calcium uas tawm hauv lub cev tawm ntawm lub cev, uas nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tso zis.
Ultrasound yog txoj kev txhim kho feem ntau txhim khu kev qha, nrog rau kev sib nqus resonance imaging, txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau qhov tseeb ntawm glandular deviations los ntawm tus qauv, muaj cov qog ntawm txhua qhov.