Caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog ib lub caij ntuj sov rau gardeners, uas nyob rau hauv Autumn xav sau ib tug zoo sau. Nws yog nrog qhov pib ntawm tshav kub uas lawv pib nqa tawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev tu lub vaj: pruning, sprinkling , whitewashing thiab inoculation.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntoo?
Txawm tias lub npe, cov khoom ntaus kab mob no tsis muaj feem xyuam nrog rau kab mob los yog kev txhaj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv teb, grafting hais txog hloov mus rau ib tsob ntoo ntawm ib feem (raum, cuttings, kais) ntawm lwm rau intergrowth thiab fruiting. Hauv qhov no, tsob ntoo uas cog qoob loo yog hu ua "stock", lub hauv plag underground yog hais txog nws, thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab yog qhov khoom siv uas yog ib feem ntawm tsob ntoo uas yog siab tshaj ntawm lub hauv paus thiab lub hauv paus ntawm cov pob txha.
Tsis tas li xwb, txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tshiab raug xaiv, uas yog siv cov khoom txuas los txuas rau lub tais. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov saum toj no-av ib feem ntawm tsob ntoo nyob hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj muaj peev xwm raug xa mus rau lub Tshuag.
Raws li txoj cai, kev ua cov pob zeb thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo ua tiav thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau cov hauv qab no:
- luam tawm nrog preservation ntawm zoo ntawm ib qib - yog tsim nyog, yog li ntawd raws li reproduction los ntawm noob tsis muab xws li tau;
- yog hais tias koj xav kom loj hlob ib qho ntau yam, koj tsis tau yuav seedlings - ces koj yuav multiply lub twb muaj tsob ntoo twb;
- Yog hais tias ob peb xyoo tom qab lub fruiting gardener realizes tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tau raws li cov kev xav tau, tab sis mus uproot lub qub thiab cov nroj tsuag tshiab tsob ntoo yog heev troublesome thiab kim - nws yuav siv sij hawm 5-6 xyoo rau tsob ntoo tshiab mus pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thiab nrog rau inoculation ntawm cov ntoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav fruiting yuav ua tau siab tshaj plaws tom qab 3-4 xyoos;
- qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cov neeg ua hauj lwm kev puas tsuaj rau tsob ntoo los ntawm cov cua los yog cov nas, nrog rau tej yam tsis zoo ntawm pob tw los yog crown - curvature, one-sidedness;
- kev muaj peev xwm loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo dwarf on tsawg hlob Tshuag.
Nta ntawm kev txiav ntawm ntoo vaj nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav
Rau qhov kev txiav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, hnub nyoog tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub hlwb nco ntsoov tias cov ntoo loj tshaj 10 xyoo yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab rov txhaj tshuaj maj - ib lub sij hawm ntawm 2-3 xyoos. Raws li rau pob zeb cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv tus account hais tias lawv lub neej lub sij hawm yog luv dua, vim hais tias cov ntoo nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 8-10 xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog.
Cuttings los yog qhov muag rau grafting harvested los ntawm Autumn, txiav tawm txhua xyoo tua, uas yuav khaws cia thoob plaws hauv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv ib lub maub thiab txias chav. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau propagation ntawm tua, uas loj hlob dawb on unshaded ceg los ntawm sab qab teb sab.
Lub Tshuag thiab cov khoom siv yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau yam nrog tib yam kom loj hlob ntawm tus sau, ces tus txheej txheem ntawm incompatibility yog minimized. Thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, koj yuav tsum ua txhua yam sai sai - kom tsis txhob kis tau tus kab mob hauv khw. Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej ntawm purity ntawm txhais tes thiab vaj cuab yeej, thiab cuttings thiab txiav yuav tsum tau coated nrog vaj siv quav ciab rau disinfection. Lub qhov chaw ntawm lub slices yuav tsum txawm zoo txawm,
Txoj kev ntawm grafting txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav
Muaj ob lub ntsiab txoj kev ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav grafting ntawm cov ntoo:
- Grafting yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab ntawm ib tug mob raum. Lub raum yog harvested nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tag nrho tag nrho ntawm tsob ntoo - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no thiab khaws cia kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub tub yees. Muaj ob peb hom kev txhim khu: T-shaped, lub qhov rais, lub nplhaib, ob npaug kiag, lub taub qab;
- copulation - inoculation nrog ib tug txiav, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov, nyob rau hauv ib tug cleft, qab lub cortex.