Txhua tus paub txog zaub xws li qos yaj ywm, qee zaum hu ua "thib ob mov ci". Hnub no, ntau yam ntawm qos ntau yam tau raug txheeb xyuas tias txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm maturation thiab lub npe, tuber thiab tawm los lub zog, tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests.
Yuav ua li cas yog hom qos yaj ywm?
Lub ntiaj teb assortment ntawm qos hnub no muaj txog 4 txhiab ntau yam ntawm no zaub. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev rau orientate nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug ntau yam, yog li ntawd, kev paub gardeners pom zoo kom siv cov cog ntau yam ntawm no zaub rau qhov muab lub zos rau cog. Ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab nta nyob rau hauv kev faib tawm ntawm qos yaj ywm yog nws loj hlob. Nyob ntawm nws, hom "thib ob khob cij" yog:
- thaum ntxov ;
- nruab nrab;
- lig.
Raws li nws lub hom phiaj, varietal qos yaj ywm raug muab faib ua:
- Chav noj mov. Nws muaj xws li ntau hom ntau, uas muaj zoo heev saj zoo. Xws li qos yaj ywm muaj tsawg tshaj li 18% ntawm starch, muaj ntau ntxiv cov vitamin C thiab cov protein ntau.
- Kev. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv cov zaub kwv 16%. From xws li qos yaj ywm tsim starch thiab txawm haus cawv.
- Universal. Hauv cov qhab nees no, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab txawv ntawm 16% mus rau 18%.
- Aft. Cov high-yielding ntau yam muaj loj tubers muaj ntau ntawm cov protein thiab starch.
Lwm hom nrov ntawm qos yaj ywm yog xim ntawm nws tubers. Qhov feem ntau yog ntau yam:
- Dawb. Qos yaj ywm nrog cov tubers yog delicious thiab zoo boiled.
- Yellow. Qhov no zaub muaj ntau carotene.
- Cov Reds. Cov tubers yog zoo khaws cai, lawv muaj ntau antioxidants. Nyob rau hauv liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsawg solanine yog tsim, uas yog, lawv tsis tig ntsuab.
- Multicolored. Nyob rau ntawm tam sim no, qos ntau yam nrog xiav, violet thiab txawm dub daim tawv nqaij thiab nqaij yog excreted. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem muaj cov nqi kim heev.
Thaum ntxov qos ntau yam
Cov sau ntawm xws li qos yaj ywm pib thaum cog saum yog tseem ntsuab, thiab daim tawv nqaij ntawm tubers yog heev nyias. Yog xav khaws xws li ib tug qos yaj ywm tsis npaj, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov sov lub tubers sai poob voos. Qhov ntau yam qos yaj ywm muaj peev xwm ua tau:
- Heev thaum ntxov - lub tubers pib tu tom qab 40-60 hnub tom qab cog. Xws li ultra-rugged muaj xws li cov lus ntau yam Timo, Ariel, Riviera thiab lwm tus.
- Thaum Ntxov - sau qos yaj ywm no pib 70 hnub tom qab cog. Qhov no yog ntau yam qos yaj ywm Izora, Anosta, Red Scarlett, thiab lwm yam.
- Midrange - sau no qos 90 hnub tom qab disembarkation. Qhov no qos ntau yam Amorosa, Martha, Odysseus thiab lwm tus.
Nruab nrab ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm
Xws li qos yaj ywm yog tsim rau cia, thiab siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ncaj qha ntawm lub txaj. Txij li thaum lub sij hawm maturation ntawm nruab nrab qos pib tsim thiab phytophthora, nws yog zoo dua mus tau xws li ntau yam uas yog resistant mus lig blight . Koj muaj peev xwm xaiv xws li medium-thiab lig-ripening qos ntau yam rau Chernozem cheeb tsam:
- Ramos - muaj ib tug nqaij daj, muaj ib tug zoo kho thiab yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob.
- Lorkh - puag ncig tubers nrog dawb pulp, me me ob lub qhov muag, tsis kam mus lig blight.
- Lugovskaya - high-yielding ntau yam yog txawv los ntawm loj oval tubers nrog lub teeb nqaij. Resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests.
Lig qos ntau yam
Xws li cov zaub ripen tom qab 115-120 hnub tom qab cog. Cov ntau yam yog cov tsim dua. Lawv cov tubers muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein, cov khib nyiab thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab, uas ua rau lawv ntau dua. Qhov no qos yaj ywm yog zoo kawg nkaus khaws cia thiab yuav siv tau thoob plaws hauv lub caij ntuj no. Xws li ntau yam yog feem ntau cog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv ntawm lig qos yaj ywm yog:
- Meta - sib npaug ntawm cov qoob loo cov qoob loo nrog daj nqaij cev nqaij daim tawv, siab tawm thiab tsis kam mus rau kab mob.
- Synthesis - daj Mesh rind, dawb nqaij ntawm ib tug-round-oval paus.
- Matveevsky - ib tuber nrog cream pulp thiab dawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv yog cov mob cancer thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Qhov feem ntau delicious xaiv ntawm qos yaj ywm
Los ntawm qos yaj ywm, koj muaj peev xwm npaj ntau yam txawv dishes, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm delicious ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm, uas muaj xws li:
- Bellarosa yog ib qho kev tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Cov nroj tsuag yog los ntawm 45 mus rau 60 hnub, yog li nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb koj tuaj yeem sau ob cov qoob loo ntawm cov zaub no. Tubers nrog reddish ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lub teeb nqaij. Qhov ntau yam yog unpretentious, drought-resistant thiab tiv thaiv mus rau ntau cov kab mob.
- Gala yog nruab nrab-ripening ntau yam. Nws yog zus nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw muaj climatic. Nws muaj siab thiab tawm tsam rau kab mob . Keeb kwm nrog nqaij tawv thiab nqaij ci nqaij tawv yog zoo kawg nkaus tshwj tseg.
- Picasso yog lig ntau yam, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm high yields. Lub tub yog daj thiab muaj ib tug saum npoo thiab ib daim tawv nyias.
Sau ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm
Los ntawm ib lub lauj kaub qos muaj peev xwm nqa nyob rau hauv nruab nrab li 1 kg ntawm tubers, rau cov neeg tseem ceeb ntau yam no daim duab muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 3 kg. Txawm li cas los, ib tug yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ntau cov qoob loo cov qoob loo yuav tau tua tau hauv thawj 2-3 xyoos, thiab tom qab ntawd ces ntau yam pib degenerate thiab nws cov qoob loo. Ib txhia gardeners ntseeg hais tias feem ntau tsim ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm yog ib tug zaub ntawm Dutch yug me nyuam, txawm li ntawd los, ntau zoned ntau yam muaj high yields. Ntawm lawv, cov nram qab no sawv tawm:
- Koob hmoov;
- Nevsky;
- Zhukovsky thaum ntxov;
- Lub udder;
- Breeze thiab ntau lwm tus.
Qhov zoo tshaj qos ntau yam
Peb txhua tus muaj nws lub tswv yim hais txog cov qos yaj ywm zoo. Ib txhia ntseeg hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv ntawm qos yaj ywm yog cov uas zoo kawg nkaus boil. Lwm tus nyiam cov qos yaj ywm uas tau muab ci rau ib lub txiv kab ntses, thiab rau peb, ib qib zoo yog ib qho uas tsis tau tshwj xeeb tu. Yog li cia li saib ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov qos yaj ywm zoo uas yog meant rau cov los yog cov lauj kaub tais diav:
- Rau cov qos yaj ywm mos mos nws yog zoo dua siv Sin-muag, Temp, Daus Dawb, Asterix, Glow.
- Rau frying, qos yaj ywm Sante, Thawj Coj, Concord, Yeej, Filatovsky yog haum.
- Rau zaub nyoos, koj muaj peev xwm siv ntau yam Annushka, Aladdin, Carrera, Rumba, Sifra.
Tshiab ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm
Breeders tas li txua tshiab ntau yam ntawm qos, six thiab refractory rau cov kab mob. Yog tias koj xav sim ib qho ntawm cov khoom tshiab no, koj yuav tsum them nyiaj rau cov no:
- Levada . Qhov no yog qos yaj ywm ntau yam nrog ib tug nroj tsuag ntawm 105 hnub. Nws muaj lub teeb liab tubers nrog creamy pulp. Yuav cog hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab muaj cov khoom zoo heev.
- Tus Samara. Nruab nrab-hnub nyoog rooj xaiv. Zoo rau kib thiab ua noj ua haus. Tsis ntshai ntawm tshav kub thiab drought, nws muaj kev zoo zoo.
- Vitalot. Qhov no qos nrog tsaus daim tawv nqaij thiab liab doog nqaij. Qhov ntau yam yog lig, yog li nws yog zoo kawg nkaus khaws cai. Nws ua rau lub hauv paus purely ntawm cov xim liab xub thawj.