Qee cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw hauv lub cheeb tsam muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev vim tias qhov kev nce mus rau lawv lub cev tsis muaj zog. Yog li, kev txhaum fab hnyav, tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob (immunoglobulins E) rau ntawm txoj hlab ntsha hauv txoj hlab ntshav, qog nqaij thiab plab zom mov.
Hom tshuaj tsis haum
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 4 hom kev piav qhia pathology yog txawv.
Thawj chav kawm muaj xws li anaphylactic allergic kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov tam sim ntawd. Lawv pib sai sai, hauv ob peb feeb los yog cov sij hawm tom qab sib tiv tauj nrog histamines.
Tus kab mob ntawm cov hoob kawm no yog kev ua los ntawm kev nce hauv permeability thiab nthuav ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv cov hlab ntsha, txo cov tawv nqaij. Qhov no tshwm sim hauv cov tsos mob nram qab no:
- urticaria;
- anaphylactic poob siab;
- tawm tsam ntsws ntsws (atopic);
- spasms;
- cereal cuav;
- vasomotor rhinitis;
- o ntawm cov hnyuv membrane;
- faib ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm hnyuv phom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm bronchioles.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev fab hnyav ua rau muaj mob hnyav, hnoos ntswg, txham thiab lacrimation.
Hom kab mob thib ob yog hu ua cytotoxic (cytolytic). Nws yog provoked los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm immunoglobulins tsis yog ntawm E hom, tab sis kuj ntawm G thiab M. Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim raug soj ntsuam hais txog 6 teev tom qab kis tau tus mob stimuli, nrog rau kev tuag ntawm antigens nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Feem ntau, xws li kev tsis haum tshuaj tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj thiab rau tej yam kab mob:
- Rhesus-tsis sib haum xeeb;
- kab mob ntsws;
- tus kab mob thrombocytopenia ;
- hemolytic anemia.
Feem ntau, hom mob pathology no cuam tshuam cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam mos txog 6 lub hlis, tab sis nws kuj tshwm sim rau cov laus.
Lwm hom kev fab tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev qaug zog ntawm kev qaug zog. Lawv muaj feem xyuam nrog kev nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob infoci ntawm ntau hom kab mob leukocyte uas hloov cov ntaub so ntswg nrog cov fibers.
Cov kev tsis haum ntawm qeeb hom tshuaj
Qhov thib peb chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob no kuj yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj immunoglobulins E, G thiab M.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim hauv 7-12 xuab moos tom qab tiv tauj ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj kev sib ntxub los ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Ib pawg cov tsos mob yog hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog Arthus phenomenon.
Cov lus qhia ntau yam ntawm kev tsis haum yog raug rau cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- rheumatoid kev mob caj dab;
- dermatitis;
- kev mob lupus erythematosus ;
- conjunctivitis;
- immunocomplex glomerulonephritis;
- ntshav qab zib.
Qhov kawg ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj yog hu ua siab ntev, raws li nws npaj 25-72 teev tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov keeb kwm.
Cov tsos mob:
- kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij;
- inflammatory kev ua nyob rau hauv cov plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm txoj hnyuv;
- swb ntawm txoj hlab ntsws.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov cim zoo li no yog cov cwj pwm rau kev ua rau kev hloov qoob tom qab hloov chaw.
Thawj cov kev pab rau kev fab tshuaj
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg khaus. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj hlab ntsws thiab txoj kev nkag mus rau cov pa, ib qho tshuaj antiallergic (intramuscular or intravenous) yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tam sim ntawd.
Ntxiv kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb yam khoom twg ua rau muaj cov tsos mob, thiab raws li qhov mob hnyav ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim. Noj tshuaj antihistamines yuav tsum tau ua raws li kom txog rau thaum tsis pom kev zoo.