Botanists thiab breeders tau ntev tau txaus siab nyob rau hauv combining qhov zoo tshaj plaws khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov nplej nrog lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab unpretentiousness ntawm rye. Yog li ntawd, qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas yog hom qoob mog thiab rye raug tsim, siv thaum siv cov qoob loo cog qoob loo, uas yog, rau kev noj cov tsiaj nyeg.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm qhov sib tov ntawm rye thiab hom qoob mog?
Thawj heev artificially tsim hybrid ntawm hom qoob mog thiab rye nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yog hu ua intricate lo lus triticale. Nws tshwm sim thaum muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm ob lo lus Latin: triticum, uas txhais tau hais tias cov nplej, thiab secale, lub ntsiab lus rye.
Tus creator ntawm triticale yog German breeder Wilhelm Rimpau, leej twg coj nws tawm hauv 1888. Lub caij no, lub hybrid tsis tau muaj ib zaug. Rau thawj thawj zaug nws pib loj hlob ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas ntau xyoo 1970 hauv cov tebchaws North America. Rau xyoo tom qab, hom qoob mog thiab rye hybrids tau cultivated nyob rau hauv Ukraine, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Kharkov. Niaj hnub no triticale yog cultivated los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws (tsawg kawg peb lub kaum os), ntawm cov thawj coj yog Fabkis, Australia, Poland thiab Belarus.
Nta ntawm triticale
Lub hybrid ntawm hom qoob mog nrog rye - triticale - absorbed tag nrho cov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob qho tib si tsiaj thiab txawm multiplied lawv. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm triticale muaj xws li:
- nce Frost tsis kam;
- txo qis rau cov av qoob loo;
- tsis kam mus ua paug thiab kab mob;
- ntxiv cov protein ntau (1-1.5% siab tshaj cov nplej);
- cov ntsiab lus ntawm micro- thiab macronutrients nyob rau hauv grain ntawm theem ntawm hom qoob mog.
Yooj yim triticale yog zus rau zaub mov. Cov protein ntau ua rau cov teeb meem tsis muaj lub caij no hauv lwm cov qoob loo qoob loo. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus hybrid yog ntxiv rau cov hmoov nplej thaum ci ci qhob cij (li 20-50%), thiab qhov no muaj qhov zoo. Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qhob cij nce, uas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm hardens ntau qeeb.